Understanding the plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs) of dominant species of alpine meadow under different degradation status could provide insights into sustainable restoration. The direction, strength, and influencing factors of dominant species’ PSFs in nondegraded (Intact), moderately degraded (MD), and severely degraded (SD) alpine meadows were examined in a two-phase PSFs experiment. Species of Intact exhibited neutral conspecific PSFs, whereas those of MD and SD exhibited negative conspecific PSFs. The species of MD demonstrated neutral heterospecific PSFs to those of Intact, whereas that of SD negatively feedbacked to those of Intact and MD. The NO₃⁻-N and NH₄⁺-N of soil conditioned by the species of Intact were 66% and 58% higher than the control (mixture soil conditioned by all species); but they were 37% and 32% lower in soil conditioned by the dominant species of SD. The relative abundance of soil fungal pathotrophs was 57% and 74% higher in soil conditioned by the dominant species of MD and SD than in Intact soil. The conspecific and heterospecific PSFs of all species positively correlated with the plant conditioning and degradation induced changes of difference in NO₃⁻-N and NH₄⁺-N and negatively correlated with the difference in relative abundance of pathotrophs. Soil microorganisms and nutrients explained most of the variation in conspecific (43%) and heterospecific PSFs (60%). Our results indicated that the N addition would facilitate the sustainable restoration of degraded alpine meadows because the addition of available N could drive the heterospecific PSFs toward more positive.

了解不同退化状态下高寒草甸优势种的植物-土壤反馈（PSF）可以为可持续恢复提供见解。通过两阶段PSF实验，研究了未退化（Intact）、中度退化（MD）和严重退化（SD）高寒草甸优势种PSF的方向、强度和影响因素。 Intact 的物种表现出中性同种 PSF，而 MD 和 SD 则表现出负同种 PSF。 MD 物种与 Intact 物种相比表现出中性异种特异性 PSF，而 SD 物种则对 Intact 和 MD 物种呈现负反馈。 Intact物种调节土壤的NO ₃ ⁻ -N和NH ₄ ⁺ -N分别为66%和58%高于对照（所有物种调节的混合土壤）；但在以 SD 为优势种的土壤中，它们分别降低了 37% 和 32%。 MD和SD优势种调节的土壤中土壤真菌致病菌的相对丰度比完整土壤高57%和74%。所有物种的同种和异种PSF与植物调理和降解引起的NO ₃ ⁻ -N和NH ₄ ⁺ -N 与致病菌相对丰度差异负相关。土壤微生物和养分解释了同种 (43%) 和异种 PSF (60%) 的大部分变异。我们的结果表明，氮的添加将促进退化高寒草甸的可持续恢复，因为有效氮的添加可以推动异种特异性 PSF 变得更加积极。