Understanding the properties of hypernuclei helps to constrain the interaction between hyperon and nucleon, which is known to play an essential role in determining the properties of neutron stars. Experimental measurements have suggested that the hypertriton (), the lightest hypernucleus, exhibits a halo structure with a deuteron core encircled by a Λ hyperon at a distance of about 10 fm. This large distance in wave function is found to cause a suppressed yield and a softening of its transverse momentum () spectrum in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Within the coalescence model based on nucleons and Λ hyperons from a microscopic hybrid hydro model with a hadronic afterburner for nuclear cluster production in Pb-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV, we show how this softening of the hypertriton spectrum appears and leads to a smaller mean for than for helium-3 (He). The latter is opposite to the predictions from the blast-wave model which assumes that and He are thermally produced at the kinetic freeze-out of heavy-ion collisions. The discovered quantum mechanical softening of the (anti-)hypertriton spectrum can be experimentally tested in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies and centralities and used to obtain valuable insights to the mechanisms for light (hyper-)nuclei production in these collisions.

中文翻译：

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重离子碰撞中超氚子横向动量谱的软化


了解超核的性质有助于限制超子和核子之间的相互作用，众所周知，这在确定中子星的性质方面发挥着重要作用。实验测量表明，最轻的超核超氚子 (hypertriton) () 呈现出晕结构，其中氘核核心被 Λ 超子在约 10 fm 的距离处包围。人们发现，波函数中的这种大距离会导致相对论性重离子碰撞中的屈服抑制和横向动量（）谱的软化。在基于核子和 Λ 超子的聚结模型中，该模型来自微观混合水力模型，具有强子加力燃烧室，用于在 = 5.02 TeV 的 Pb-Pb 碰撞中产生核团簇，我们展示了超氚子能谱的软化是如何出现的并导致更小的平均值比氦-3 (He) 更好。后者与爆炸波模型的预测相反，爆炸波模型假设 和 He 是在重离子碰撞的动力学冻结时热产生的。所发现的（反）超氚光谱的量子力学软化可以在不同碰撞能量和中心性的相对论重离子碰撞中进行实验测试，并用于获得对这些碰撞中轻（超）核产生机制的宝贵见解。