<br>超氧自由基的环境影响：从自然过程到工程应用,Water Research

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超氧自由基的环境影响：从自然过程到工程应用
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122023
Zonghao Luo ₁ , Yiqi Yan ₁ , Richard Spinney ₂ , Dionysios D Dionysiou ₃ , Frederick A Villamena ₄ , Ruiyang Xiao ₁ , Davide Vione ₅

Affiliation

超氧自由基（O2•−）在生理学、物理和材料化学领域的作用越来越受到人们的认可。尽管人们为了解O2•−在不同水生系统中的功能做出了广泛的努力，但对其在各种环境情景中的动力学和机制缺乏系统和深入的综述。本综述旨在通过讨论自然条件和受控条件下的 O2•− 生成途径来弥补这一差距。比较了不同条件下产生和检测方法的优点和局限性，重点是确定 O2•− 触发反应动力学的不同方法。我们总结了 O2•− 与有机污染物的反应速率常数，涵盖了各种结构和反应性。比较表明，O2•− 对大多数污染物表现出较弱的反应性，并且对具有不同官能团的化合物缺乏选择性，但与非醌相比表现出更高反应性的醌除外。此外，还严格评估了反应机制，即单电子转移、亲核取代、氢原子夺取和自由基加合物形成。强调了 O2•− 的各种环境影响，包括维持生物地球化学铁循环、合成用于抗菌目的的纳米颗粒、从异质界面解吸污染物以及污染物的协同降解。

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Environmental implications of superoxide radicals: From natural processes to engineering applications

The roles of superoxide radical (O2•−) in the domains of physiological, physical, and material chemistry are becoming increasingly recognized. Although extensive efforts have been directed to understand O2•− functions in diverse aquatic systems, there is a lack of systematic and in-depth review for its kinetics and mechanisms in various environmental scenarios. This review aims to bridge this gap through discussion of O2•− generation pathways under both natural and controlled conditions. The merits and limitations of the generation and detection methods under various conditions are compared, with emphasis on different approaches for the determination of O2•−-triggered reaction kinetics. We summarize the reaction rate constants of O2•− with organic contaminants covering a wide diversity of structures and reactivity. The comparison indicates that O2•− exhibits weak reactivity with most contaminants and lacks selectivity towards compounds with different functional groups, except with quinones which exhibit higher reactivity compared to non-quinones. Further, the reaction mechanisms, namely single electron transfer, nucleophilic substitution, hydrogen atom abstraction, and radical-adduct formation, are critically evaluated. Various environmental implications of O2•− are highlighted including maintenance of biogeochemical iron cycle, synthesis of nanoparticles for antibacterial purposes, desorption of contaminants from heterogeneous interfaces, and synergetic degradation of contaminants.

更新日期：2024-07-01

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