The escalating global demand for clean water has driven a growing interest in developing thin-film composite (TFC) membranes with high permeability and selectivity for wastewater treatment and desalination processes. Engineering polymer materials with precisely tunable properties for selective molecular separation remains a challenging step toward achieving this goal. Herein, we have fabricated a highly permselective asymmetric polyamide nanofilm with a dual-layer structure in which the bottom layer is a porous hyperbranched aromatic polyamide (HBPA) interlayer, and the top layer is a dense polyamide layer with a nanostrip structure. The HBPA porous layer was covalently assembled in situ via oxidative coupling reaction with ammonium persulfate on a polysulfone (PSF) substrate. The hydrophilic porous HBPA interlayer forms nanosized cavities that may enhance the storage and confine amine monomer diffusion, leading to the construction of a striped pattern PA nanofilm. The resulting asymmetric PA membrane exhibits excellent water permeability of 18.39 ± 1 L m h bar (3.98 times that of control membranes) and improved divalent salt (NaSO) rejection (≥98 %), surpassing most of the commercial and reported nanofiltration membranes. The HBPA-regulated interfacial polymerization provides a groundbreaking framework for developing high-performance membranes for precisely controlled nanofiltration.

中文翻译：

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超支化芳香族聚酰胺胺介导的高性能薄膜复合膜界面聚合


全球对清洁水的需求不断增长，促使人们越来越关注开发用于废水处理和海水淡化过程的高渗透性和选择性的薄膜复合（TFC）膜。具有精确可调特性的工程聚合物材料用于选择性分子分离仍然是实现这一目标的具有挑战性的一步。在此，我们制备了具有双层结构的高选择性渗透不对称聚酰胺纳米膜，其中底层是多孔超支化芳香族聚酰胺（HBPA）中间层，顶层是具有纳米带结构的致密聚酰胺层。 HBPA 多孔层通过与过硫酸铵的氧化偶联反应在聚砜（PSF）基底上原位共价组装。亲水性多孔 HBPA 中间层形成纳米级空腔，可以增强存储并限制胺单体扩散，从而构建条纹图案 PA 纳米膜。由此产生的非对称 PA 膜具有 18.39 ± 1 L mh bar 的优异透水性（对照膜的 3.98 倍）和改进的二价盐 (NaSO) 截留率 (≥98%)，超过了大多数商用和报道的纳滤膜。 HBPA 调节的界面聚合为开发用于精确控制纳滤的高性能膜提供了突破性的框架。