Urban ecosystems provide many crucial services to cities and their residents, particularly in adapting to the effects of climate change. Extensive research has been conducted in this field, covering various aspects of ecosystem services. However, little is known about issues related to the limited access to these ecosystem services, particularly among marginalized populations. This review systematically screened 3961 papers and synthesized findings from 98 papers to identify groups that are marginalized in terms of access to urban ecosystem services and provide policy measures to address the issue. We conducted an inductive content analysis and thematic analysis to review the literature comprehensively. Our findings revealed that marginalization is more prevalent in cultural ecosystem services (51 %) than in other ecosystem service types. The results also show that vulnerable populations, including minorities, low-income populations, physically challenged people, children/young people/students, older people, and migrants, are particularly marginalized. Among these groups, minorities (24 %) emerged as the most extensively studied category. Additionally, we identified a marginalized group labeled as 'generic,' consisting of individuals whose identities did not neatly fit within the previously defined groups or were mentioned across multiple groups simultaneously.The marginalization across all these groups stems from income disparities, cultural norms, racial and ethnic considerations, willingness to visit, age-related disparities, physical disabilities, and geographical location. Importantly, our study underscores the adverse effects of marginalization on these groups, leading to health disparities, lower quality of life, and reduced resilience to climate change. In light of these findings, we also spotlight policies from the literature such as inclusive urban planning, community engagement initiatives, and financial support aimed at ensuring more equitable access to urban ecosystem services.

中文翻译：

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谁在获得城市生态系统服务方面被边缘化？系统的文献综述


城市生态系统为城市及其居民提供许多重要的服务，特别是在适应气候变化的影响方面。该领域已进行了广泛的研究，涵盖生态系统服务的各个方面。然而，人们对这些生态系统服务获取机会有限的相关问题知之甚少，特别是在边缘化人群中。本综述系统地筛选了 3961 篇论文，并综合了 98 篇论文的研究结果，以确定在获得城市生态系统服务方面被边缘化的群体，并提供解决该问题的政策措施。我们进行了归纳内容分析和主题分析，以全面回顾文献。我们的研究结果表明，与其他生态系统服务类型相比，文化生态系统服务（51%）的边缘化更为普遍。结果还表明，弱势群体，包括少数民族、低收入群体、残疾人、儿童/青少年/学生、老年人和移民，尤其被边缘化。在这些群体中，少数族裔 (24%) 成为研究最广泛的类别。此外，我们还确定了一个被标记为“通用”的边缘化群体，由其身份与先前定义的群体不完全相符或同时在多个群体中被提及的个人组成。所有这些群体的边缘化源于收入差距、文化规范、种族种族因素、访问意愿、年龄差异、身体残疾和地理位置。重要的是，我们的研究强调了边缘化对这些群体的不利影响，导致健康差异、生活质量下降以及对气候变化的抵御能力下降。 根据这些发现，我们还重点关注文献中的政策，例如包容性城市规划、社区参与倡议和旨在确保更公平地获得城市生态系统服务的财政支持。