Nucleic acid-based wearable and implantable electrochemical sensors,Chemical Society Reviews

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Nucleic acid-based wearable and implantable electrochemical sensors
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 , DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00001c
Cui Ye ₁ , Heather Lukas ₁ , Minqiang Wang ₁ , Yerim Lee ₁ , Wei Gao ₁

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The rapid advancements in nucleic acid-based electrochemical sensors for implantable and wearable applications have marked a significant leap forward in the domain of personal healthcare over the last decade. This technology promises to revolutionize personalized healthcare by facilitating the early diagnosis of diseases, monitoring of disease progression, and tailoring of individual treatment plans. This review navigates through the latest developments in this field, focusing on the strategies for nucleic acid sensing that enable real-time and continuous biomarker analysis directly in various biofluids, such as blood, interstitial fluid, sweat, and saliva. The review delves into various nucleic acid sensing strategies, emphasizing the innovative designs of biorecognition elements and signal transduction mechanisms that enable implantable and wearable applications. Special perspective is given to enhance nucleic acid-based sensor selectivity and sensitivity, which are crucial for the accurate detection of low-level biomarkers. The integration of such sensors into implantable and wearable platforms, including microneedle arrays and flexible electronic systems, actualizes their use in on-body devices for health monitoring. We also tackle the technical challenges encountered in the development of these sensors, such as ensuring long-term stability, managing the complexity of biofluid dynamics, and fulfilling the need for real-time, continuous, and reagentless detection. In conclusion, the review highlights the importance of these sensors in the future of medical engineering, offering insights into design considerations and future research directions to overcome existing limitations and fully realize the potential of nucleic acid-based electrochemical sensors for healthcare applications.

中文翻译：

基于核酸的可穿戴和植入式电化学传感器

用于植入式和可穿戴式应用的基于核酸的电化学传感器的快速进步标志着过去十年个人医疗保健领域的重大飞跃。这项技术有望通过促进疾病的早期诊断、疾病进展的监测和个体化治疗计划的定制来彻底改变个性化医疗保健。本综述介绍了该领域的最新进展，重点关注核酸传感策略，该策略能够直接在各种生物流体（如血液、间质液、汗液和唾液）中进行实时、连续的生物标志物分析。该评论深入研究了各种核酸传感策略，强调了生物识别元件和信号转导机制的创新设计，使可植入和可穿戴应用成为可能。提出了增强基于核酸的传感器的选择性和灵敏度的特殊观点，这对于准确检测低水平生物标志物至关重要。将此类传感器集成到可植入和可穿戴平台（包括微针阵列和柔性电子系统）中，实现了它们在用于健康监测的身体设备中的应用。我们还解决了这些传感器开发过程中遇到的技术挑战，例如确保长期稳定性、管理生物流体动力学的复杂性以及满足实时、连续和无试剂检测的需求。总之，该综述强调了这些传感器在未来医学工程中的重要性，提供了对设计考虑因素和未来研究方向的见解，以克服现有限制并充分发挥基于核酸的电化学传感器在医疗保健应用中的潜力。

更新日期：2024-07-10

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