This comprehensive review examined the intricate relationship between climate change and rye (Secale cereale L.) production, focusing on the multifaceted challenges and opportunities posed by changing environmental conditions. Rye is a versatile cereal crop cultivated in temperate regions and is known for its resilience and adaptability to adverse growing conditions. However, as global temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations rise, the effects of climate change on rye growth, yield and grain quality become increasingly apparent. In this review, we summarised the recent research findings on various aspects of rye production and quality under climate change, focusing on factors such as temperature (e.g., increasing temperature) resilience, and viability of rye production in the face of ongoing climate challenges, altered rainfall patterns (changing rainfall distributions with decreasing rainfall in the spring and early summer months as well as heavy rainfall events), biotic stress, agronomic practices and greenhouse gas emissions. Exploring the dynamic interplay among climate change, soil quality, biotic stressors and plant–microbe interactions reveals insights into the response of rye to environmental changes. These interactions shape the complex dynamics that influence the adaptation of rye to evolving environmental conditions. Implications for food security, agricultural sustainability and future research directions are also discussed, highlighting the urgent need for adaptive strategies to ensure the resilience and viability of rye production in the face of ongoing climate challenges.

中文翻译：

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气候变化与黑麦（Secale Greeke L.）生产：挑战、机遇和适应


这篇全面的综述研究了气候变化与黑麦（Secale Greeke L.）生产之间的复杂关系，重点关注环境条件变化带来的多方面挑战和机遇。黑麦是一种在温带地区种植的多功能谷物作物，以其对不利生长条件的恢复力和适应性而闻名。然而，随着全球气温和大气二氧化碳浓度上升，气候变化对黑麦生长、产量和谷物质量的影响变得越来越明显。在这篇综述中，我们总结了气候变化下黑麦生产和质量各个方面的最新研究结果，重点关注温度（例如，温度升高）恢复力以及黑麦生产面对持续气候挑战的可行性等因素，改变了降雨模式（随着春季和初夏降雨量的减少以及强降雨事件而改变降雨分布）、生物胁迫、农艺实践和温室气体排放。探索气候变化、土壤质量、生物应激源和植物-微生物相互作用之间的动态相互作用，揭示了黑麦对环境变化的反应。这些相互作用形成了影响黑麦适应不断变化的环境条件的复杂动态。还讨论了对粮食安全、农业可持续性和未来研究方向的影响，强调迫切需要制定适应性战略，以确保黑麦生产面对持续的气候挑战的弹性和可行性。