Regenerative periodontal therapy aims to form new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, all sealed by gingival tissue. The root surface acts as the wound margin during this regeneration process. Root surface biomodification (root conditioning/root decontamination), therefore, seems instrumental in promoting surface decontamination and enhancing tissue attachment by removing the smear layer, exposing collagen fibrils, and facilitating blood clot formation and stabilization. This review attempted to provide an all‐encompassing, evidence‐based assessment of the role of root surface biomodification in regenerative periodontal therapy, particularly in intrabony defects, furcation defects, and root coverage procedures. The reviewed evidence suggested that root conditioning agents, whether used independently or in conjunction with bone graft materials, biological agents, membranes, or connective tissue grafts, do not offer any clinical advantage regarding clinical attachment gain. Thus, integrating chemical methods with the mechanical root instrumentation process does not necessarily contribute to superior clinical outcomes.

中文翻译：

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牙周治疗中的根面生物改性：生物学原理和临床应用


再生牙周治疗的目的是形成新的牙骨质、牙周膜和牙槽骨，所有这些都被牙龈组织密封。在此再生过程中，根表面充当伤口边缘。因此，根部表面生物改性（根部调理/根部净化）似乎有助于通过去除污迹层、暴露胶原原纤维以及促进血凝块形成和稳定来促进表面净化和增强组织附着。本综述试图对牙根表面生物改性在牙周再生治疗中的作用提供全面、基于证据的评估，特别是在骨内缺陷、分叉缺陷和牙根覆盖手术中。审查的证据表明，牙根调理剂，无论是单独使用还是与骨移植材料、生物制剂、膜或结缔组织移植物结合使用，在临床附着增益方面均不提供任何临床优势。因此，将化学方法与机械牙根器械过程相结合并不一定有助于获得优异的临床结果。