The incorporation of the high-abundance rare-earth element Y in (Nd,Y)–Fe–B sintered magnets offers an opportunity to reduce the cost of permanent magnetic materials, while promoting the balanced usage of rare-earth resources. However, the performance of (Nd,Y)–Fe–B magnets prepared using the conventional dual-main-phase (DMP) method undergoes significant degradation due to the strong diffusion ability of Y. To suppress the excessive diffusion of Y, this study presents a macroscopic lamellar magnet preparation scheme. Consequently, the micromagnetic simulations revealed that the multilayer magnets exhibited superior intrinsic performance compared to DMP magnets. Subsequently, the multilayer magnets were prepared by alternately stacking the 0% Y (0Y) and 30% Y (30Y) magnetic powders. The observed magnetic properties demonstrated that the coercivity of the three-layer magnet was ~ 0.23 T higher than that of the DMP magnet, leading to improved coercivity stability at high temperatures. Furthermore, the microstructural observations and elemental analyses indicated the presence of a ~ 200-μm-thick interface layer at the contact site between the 0Y and 30Y magnetic layers. Thus, the proposed approach effectively suppressed the excessive diffusion of Y in (Nd,Y)–Fe–B magnets, thereby enhancing the magnetic performance of the sintered magnets.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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通过层状结构设计提高(Nd,Y)–Fe–B烧结磁体的矫顽力和热稳定性

在(Nd,Y)-Fe-B烧结磁体中掺入高丰度稀土元素Y为降低永磁材料成本提供了机会，同时促进了稀土资源的平衡利用。然而，由于Y的强烈扩散能力，使用传统双主相（DMP）方法制备的（Nd，Y）–Fe–B磁体的性能显着下降。为了抑制Y的过度扩散，本研究提出了宏观层状磁体制备方案。因此，微磁模拟表明，与 DMP 磁体相比，多层磁体表现出更优异的固有性能。随后，通过交替堆叠0％Y(0Y)和30％Y(30Y)磁粉来制备多层磁体。观察到的磁性能表明，三层磁体的矫顽力比 DMP 磁体高出 ~ 0.23 T，从而提高了高温下矫顽力的稳定性。此外，微观结构观察和元素分析表明在0Y和30Y磁性层之间的接触部位存在~200μm厚的界面层。因此，该方法有效地抑制了Y在(Nd，Y)-Fe-B磁体中的过度扩散，从而提高了烧结磁体的磁性能。

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