Multicolor Polymer Mechanochromism from an Ultrasensitive Concentration-Dependent Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanophore,Advanced Optical Materials

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Multicolor Polymer Mechanochromism from an Ultrasensitive Concentration-Dependent Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanophore
Advanced Optical Materials ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-08 , DOI: 10.1002/adom.202400733
Mingzhi Chen ₁ , Huan Hu ₁ , Xin Cheng ₁ , Yu Wu ₁ , Zhimin Ma ₂ , Rint P. Sijbesma ₃ , Zhiyong Ma _{1,

4}

Affiliation

An ultrasensitive concentration-dependent ESIPT mechanochromic mechanophore (MM) NaMz (4-amino-2-(1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-2-yl)phenol), which exhibits real-time and reversible multicolor mechanochromism in polyurethane is reported. NaMz has one single link point and can be obtained facilely by one-step reaction. As the concentration of NaMz increased from 0.01 to 0.05 mol%, the intensity ratio IE/IK of enol emission to keto emission changed significantly and concentration-dependent multicolor fluorescence (yellow, white, blue) can be realized. Then, a simple strategy, force-tuning the aggregation state of NaMz molecules, to adjust the ESIPT process to achieve ultrasensitive colorful mechanochromism is proposed. Intriguingly, force-tuned white light emitting can be realized for 0.035 mol%NaMz@PU. Because the extended conjugation structure, NaMz@PU shows a red-shifted keto emission at 541 nm with a larger Stoke shift compared with PhMz-NH2@PU, which is also the key to multicolor concentration-dependent polymer mechanochromism of NaMz@PU. Control experiments of NaMz-OH@PU and NaMz-3OH@PU show that the aliphatic hydroxyl group on the naphthimidazole moiety impedes the planarization of molecular structure and thus hinders aggregation, further verifying that the multicolor concentration-dependent mechanochromism of NaMz@PU is indeed caused by force induced disaggregation. The excellent color-changing effect, real-time reversible force-optical coupling and precise regulation of this study will make a new contribution to polymer mechanochemistry.

中文翻译：

来自超灵敏浓度依赖性激发态分子内质子转移机械基团的多色聚合物机械变色

报道了一种超灵敏的浓度依赖性 ESIPT 机械变色机械基团（MM） NaMz （4-氨基-2-（1H-萘氧[2,3-d] 咪唑-2-基）苯酚），它在聚氨酯中表现出实时和可逆的多色机械变色。NaMz 具有单个连接点，可通过一步反应轻松获得。当 NaMz 浓度从 0.01 mol% 增加到 0.05 mol% 时，烯醇发射与酮发射的强度比 IE/IK 发生显著变化，可以实现浓度依赖性多色荧光（黄色、白色、蓝色）。然后，提出了一种简单的策略，强制调节 NaMz 分子的聚集态，以调整 ESIPT 过程以实现超灵敏的彩色机械变色。有趣的是，可以实现 0.035 mol%NaMz@PU 的力调谐白光发射。由于扩展的共轭结构，NaMz@PU 在 541 nm 处显示出红移酮发射，与 PhMz-NH2@PU 相比具有更大的 Stoke 偏移，这也是 NaMz@PU 多色浓度依赖性聚合物机械变色的关键。NaMz-OH@PU 和 NaMz-3OH@PU 的对照实验表明，萘咪唑部分上的脂肪族羟基阻碍了分子结构的平坦化，从而阻碍了聚集，进一步验证了 NaMz@PU 的多色浓度依赖性机械变色确实是由力诱导的解聚引起的。本研究优异的变色效果、实时可逆力-光耦合和精确调控将为聚合物机械化学做出新的贡献。

更新日期：2024-07-08

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