Abstract. This study presents an updated evaluation of stratospheric ozone profile trends at Arosa/Davos/Hohenpeißenberg, Switzerland/Germany, Observatory de Haute Provence (OHP), France, Boulder, Colorado, Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) and Hilo, Hawaii, and Lauder, New Zealand with focus on the ozone recovery period post 2000. Trends are derived using vertical ozone profiles from NOAA’s Dobson Network via the Umkehr method (with a recent new homogenization), ozonesondes, and the NOAA COHesive SBUV/OMPS satellite-based record (COH) sampled to match geographical coordinates of the ground-based stations used in this study. Analyses of long-term changes in stratospheric ozone time series were performed using the updated version (0.8.0) of the Long-term Ozone Trends and Uncertainties in the Stratosphere (LOTUS) Independent Linear Trend (ILT) regression model. This study finds a consistency of the trends derived from the different observational records, which is a key factor to the understanding of the recovery of the ozone layer after the implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments that control ozone-depleting substances production and release into the atmosphere. The Northern Hemispheric Umkehr records of Aros/Davos, OHP, and MLO all show positive trends in the mid to upper stratosphere with trends peaking at ~+2 %/decade. Although the upper stratospheric ozone trends derived from COH satellite records are more positive than those detected by the Umkehr system, the agreement is within the two sigma uncertainty. Umkehr trends in the upper stratosphere at Boulder and Lauder are positive but not statistically significant, while COH trends are larger and statistically significant (within 2 sigma). In the lower stratosphere, trends derived from Umkehr and ozonesonde records are mostly negative (except for positive ozonesonde trends at OHP), however the uncertainties are quite large. Additional dynamical proxies were investigated in the LOTUS model at five ground-based sites. The use of additional proxies did not significantly change trends, but equivalent latitude reduced the uncertainty of the Umkehr and COH trends in the upper stratosphere and at higher latitudes. In lower layers, additional predictors (tropopause pressure for all stations, two extra components of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation at MLO, Arctic Oscillation at Arosa/Davos, OHP and MLO) improve the model fit and reduce trend uncertainties as seen by Umkehr and sonde.

中文翻译：

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均质 Umkehr、臭氧探空仪和 COH 立交桥记录中的臭氧趋势


摘要。这项研究提出了对瑞士/德国阿罗萨/达沃斯/霍恩佩森贝格、法国上普罗旺斯天文台 (OHP)、科罗拉多州博尔德、莫纳罗亚天文台 (MLO) 和夏威夷希洛以及兰黛的平流层臭氧剖面趋势的最新评估，新西兰重点关注 2000 年之后的臭氧恢复期。趋势是通过 Umkehr 方法（采用最近的新均质化）、臭氧探空仪和 NOAA COHesive SBUV/OMPS 卫星记录（COH）使用 NOAA 多布森网络的垂直臭氧剖面得出的。 ）采样以匹配本研究中使用的地面站的地理坐标。使用平流层长期臭氧趋势和不确定性 (LOTUS) 独立线性趋势 (ILT) 回归模型的更新版本 (0.8.0) 对平流层臭氧时间序列的长期变化进行了分析。本研究发现不同观测记录得出的趋势具有一致性，这是理解《蒙特利尔议定书》及其修正案实施后控制臭氧消耗物质生产和排放后臭氧层恢复的关键因素。气氛。阿罗斯/达沃斯、OHP 和 MLO 的北半球 Umkehr 记录均显示平流层中上层的积极趋势，趋势峰值约为每十年 +2%。尽管从 COH 卫星记录得出的平流层上层臭氧趋势比 Umkehr 系统检测到的趋势更为积极，但一致性在 2 sigma 不确定度范围内。博尔德和劳德平流层上层的 Umkehr 趋势为正，但在统计上不显着，而 COH 趋势较大且在统计上显着（2 西格玛以内）。 在平流层低层，从 Umkehr 和臭氧探空仪记录得出的趋势大多为负（除了 OHP 的臭氧探空仪正趋势），但不确定性相当大。在五个地面站点的 LOTUS 模型中研究了其他动态代理。使用额外的代理并没有显着改变趋势，但等效纬度降低了平流层上层和高纬度地区 Umkehr 和 COH 趋势的不确定性。在较低层中，额外的预测变量（所有站的对流层顶压力、MLO 准两年期振荡的两个额外组成部分、阿罗萨/达沃斯的北极涛动、OHP 和 MLO）改善了模型拟合并减少了 Umkehr 和探空仪所看到的趋势不确定性。