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Advances in structural-guided modifications of siRNA
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117825
Qiang Li 1 , Mingxin Dong 2 , Pu Chen 3
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117825
Qiang Li 1 , Mingxin Dong 2 , Pu Chen 3
Affiliation
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To date, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved six small interfering RNA (siRNA) drugs: patisiran, givosiran, lumasiran, inclisiran, vutrisiran, and nedosiran, serving as compelling evidence of the promising potential of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics. The successful implementation of siRNA therapeutics is improved through a combination of various chemical modifications and diverse delivery approaches. The utilization of chemically modified siRNA at specific sites on either the sense strand (SS) or antisense strand (AS) has the potential to enhance resistance to ribozyme degradation, improve stability and specificity, and prolong the efficacy of drugs. Herein, we provide comprehensive analyses concerning the correlation between chemical modifications and structure-guided siRNA design. Various modifications, such as 2′-modifications, 2′,4′-dual modifications, non-canonical sugar modifications, and phosphonate mimics, are crucial for the activity of siRNA. We also emphasize the essential strategies for enhancing overhang stability, improving RISC loading efficacy and strand selection, reducing off-target effects, and discussing the future of targeted delivery.
中文翻译:
siRNA结构指导修饰的进展
迄今为止,美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 已批准六种小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 药物:patisiran、givosiran、lumasiran、inclisiran、vutrisiran 和 nedosiran,这是 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 前景广阔的有力证据疗法。通过结合各种化学修饰和不同的递送方法,可以提高 siRNA 治疗的成功实施。在有义链 (SS) 或反义链 (AS) 的特定位点使用化学修饰的 siRNA 有可能增强对核酶降解的抵抗力,提高稳定性和特异性,并延长药物的疗效。在此,我们提供了有关化学修饰和结构引导 siRNA 设计之间相关性的全面分析。各种修饰,例如 2'-修饰、2',4'-双修饰、非规范糖修饰和磷酸盐模拟物,对于 siRNA 的活性至关重要。我们还强调了增强突出稳定性、提高 RISC 加载效率和链选择、减少脱靶效应以及讨论靶向递送的未来的基本策略。
更新日期:2024-06-28
中文翻译:

siRNA结构指导修饰的进展
迄今为止,美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 已批准六种小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 药物:patisiran、givosiran、lumasiran、inclisiran、vutrisiran 和 nedosiran,这是 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 前景广阔的有力证据疗法。通过结合各种化学修饰和不同的递送方法,可以提高 siRNA 治疗的成功实施。在有义链 (SS) 或反义链 (AS) 的特定位点使用化学修饰的 siRNA 有可能增强对核酶降解的抵抗力,提高稳定性和特异性,并延长药物的疗效。在此,我们提供了有关化学修饰和结构引导 siRNA 设计之间相关性的全面分析。各种修饰,例如 2'-修饰、2',4'-双修饰、非规范糖修饰和磷酸盐模拟物,对于 siRNA 的活性至关重要。我们还强调了增强突出稳定性、提高 RISC 加载效率和链选择、减少脱靶效应以及讨论靶向递送的未来的基本策略。