Utilization of solar energy for desalination and purification of seawater opens up a state-of-the-art way to meet the water needs all around the world specially in coastal cities. Herein, the eco-friendly, low cost and bio-based basil seed (BS) hydrogel is combined with activated carbon (AC) to synthesize activated carbon merged with basil seed hydrogel (AC-BS) composite material. Due to the photothermal property of the AC, the AC-BS composite was used to design an interfacial solar steam generator (ISSG) for water purification. The AC absorbs the sunlight and converts it to the required heat needed for water evaporation and the superhydrophilic BS hydrogel supplies water to the surface causing the high salt rejection ability of the system, in addition, it decreases the required energy for evaporation. The AC-BS is characterized using characterization methods such as EDX and FESEM. The two-dimensional (2D) AC-BS system containing a cotton fiber used to transfer water from the bulk to the surface, a layer of styrofoam as a heat insulator and AC-BS on the surface shows evaporation rate of 1.93 kg mh. The three-dimensional (3D) AC-BS, designed to solve the solar irradiation angle fluctuation problem during a day and seasons, shows an evaporation rate of 2.70 kg mh and an efficiency of about 91 % under 1 sun illumination. The ability of the AC-BS system for saline water desalination and waste water-contaminated dyes as a pollutant treatment is highly acceptable. The AC-BS ISSG can be studied and used on large scales to provide fresh water from saline water.

中文翻译：

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罗勒种子水凝胶结合活性炭作为一种功能强大、生物基且经济高效的界面太阳能蒸汽发生器


利用太阳能淡化和净化海水开辟了满足世界各地特别是沿海城市用水需求的最先进方法。本文将环保、低成本的生物基罗勒籽（BS）水凝胶与活性炭（AC）结合，合成活性炭与罗勒籽水凝胶（AC-BS）复合材料。由于AC的光热特性，AC-BS复合材料被用来设计用于水净化的界面太阳能蒸汽发生器（ISSG）。 AC吸收阳光并将其转化为水蒸发所需的热量，超亲水BS水凝胶向表面提供水，导致系统具有高脱盐能力，此外，它还减少了蒸发所需的能量。 AC-BS 使用 EDX 和 FESEM 等表征方法进行表征。二维 (2D) AC-BS 系统包含用于将水分从本体转移到表面的棉纤维、一层作为隔热体的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料以及表面上的 AC-BS，其蒸发率为 1.93 kg mh。三维 (3D) AC-BS 旨在解决白天和季节中太阳辐射角度波动问题，在 1 个太阳光照下，蒸发率为 2.70 kg mh，效率约为 91%。 AC-BS系统用于盐水淡化和废水污染染料作为污染物处理的能力是高度可接受的。 AC-BS ISSG 可以大规模研究和使用，以从咸水中提供淡水。