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Soil temperature dominates forest spring phenology in China
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110141 Yuxin Liu , Xianfeng Liu , Zheng Fu , Donghai Zhang , Liyang Liu
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110141 Yuxin Liu , Xianfeng Liu , Zheng Fu , Donghai Zhang , Liyang Liu
Changes in forest phenology regulate ecosystem structure and function and have a feedback effect on climate, however, the primary factors controlling forest spring phenology remain unclear. Here, we used long-term satellite records to monitor forest spring phenology (start of the growing season, SOS) trends in China from 2000 to 2018 and quantified the coupling effect of preseason hydrothermal factors on SOS by using a structural equation model (SEM). Our results showed that solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) retrieved SOS (SOS) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) retrieved SOS (SOS) significantly ( < 0.05) advanced by 3.7 ± 0.1 d·decade and 3.2 ± 0.1 d·decade, respectively, from 2000 to 2018. Regions with high advance trends were primarily distributed in low-latitude regions, whereas low advance trends were observed in the high-latitude regions. Partial correlation results showed that soil temperature (ST) dominates SOS variation in approximately half of the forest areas, and sensitivity analysis indicated regions with higher mean ST and maximum temperature (T) tended to have earlier SOS but the effects of minimum temperature (T) were reversed. The SEM further demonstrated that ST is the dominant factor in SOS variability, moreover, ST not only directly affects SOS, but also indirectly affects the SOS by influencing the soil moisture. These findings highlight the key role of ST in regulating changes in forest spring phenology in China, which is absent in most phenology models but should be considered when predicting forest phenology and associated carbon budgets.
更新日期：2024-07-01
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