Quantifying movement coordination in cross‐country (XC) skiing, specifically the technique with its elemental forms, is challenging. Particularly, this applies when trying to establish a bidirectional transfer between scientific theory and practical experts' knowledge as expressed, for example, in ski instruction curricula. The objective of this study was to translate 14 curricula‐informed distinct elements of the V2 ski‐skating technique (horizontal and vertical posture, lateral tilt, head position, upper body rotation, arm swing, shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, hand and leg distance, plantar flexion, ski set‐down, leg push‐off, and gliding phase) into plausible, valid and applicable measures to make the technique training process more quantifiable and scientifically grounded. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) data of 10 highly experienced XC skiers who demonstrated the technique elements by two extreme forms each (e.g., anterior versus posterior positioning for the horizontal posture) were recorded. Element‐specific principal component analyses (PCAs)—driven by the variance produced by the technique extremes—resulted in movement components that express quantifiable measures of the underlying technique elements. Ten measures were found to be sensitive in distinguishing between the inputted extreme variations using statistical parametric mapping (SPM), whereas for four elements the SPM did not detect differences (lateral tilt, plantar flexion, ski set‐down, and leg push‐off). Applicability of the established technique measures was determined based on quantifying individual techniques through them. The study introduces a novel approach to quantitatively assess V2 ski‐skating technique, which might help to enhance technique feedback and bridge the communication gap that often exists between practitioners and scientists.

中文翻译：

---

IMU 数据驱动和基于 PCA 的方法为越野滑雪中的 V2 技术要素建立可量化且实际适用的措施


量化越野（XC）滑雪中的运动协调，特别是其基本形式的技术，是具有挑战性的。特别是，当试图在科学理论和实践专家知识之间建立双向转移时，例如滑雪教学课程中所表达的，这一点尤其适用。本研究的目的是转化 V2 滑雪技术的 14 个课程指导的不同要素（水平和垂直姿势、侧向倾斜、头部位置、上半身旋转、手臂摆动、肩部外展、肘部弯曲、手和腿距离、跖屈、滑雪落下、腿部推出和滑行阶段）转化为合理、有效和适用的措施，使技术训练过程更加量化和科学依据。记录了 10 名经验丰富的 XC 滑雪者的惯性测量单元 (IMU) 数据，他们分别通过两种极端形式（例如，水平姿势的前向与后向定位）展示了技术要素。由技术极端值产生的方差驱动的特定于元素的主成分分析（PCA）产生了表达基础技术元素的可量化测量的运动成分。我们发现，使用统计参数映射 (SPM) 区分输入的极端变化时，有 10 个测量值很敏感，而 SPM 没有检测到四个元素的差异（横向倾斜、跖屈、滑雪板放下和腿部推出） 。已建立的技术措施的适用性是通过量化各个技术来确定的。 该研究引入了一种定量评估 V2 滑雪技术的新方法，这可能有助于增强技术反馈并弥合从业者和科学家之间经常存在的沟通差距。