The coupling of renewable energy with hydrogen production from water electrolysis is an important way to alleviate the energy shortage. The multi-stack system is the most important technology route to realize large-scale preparation of green hydrogen. Using mixed integer linear programming, this study establishes a multi-stack scheduling model which considers the relationship between cold start time and idle duration and applies to electrolyzers with different power levels. Three power levels of electrolyzer are selected to generate ten configuration schemes for case studies. The results show that the configuration scheme with multiple power levels can make the multi-stack system have a wider load range and improve the comprehensive income. The volatility under low load conditions is mainly borne by the low-power-level electrolyzer, which can prolong the electrolyzer’s life and further reduce the operation and maintenance expenditure. Taking the Case2 (2 × 5 MW and 2 × 2.5 MW) with the highest comprehensive income as an example, its minimum load can be set to 3.33 % of the total rated power. Compared with the single-power-level schemes, namely Case1 (3 × 5 MW), Case4 (6 × 2.5 MW), and Case10 (15 × 1 MW), the comprehensive income of Case2 is increased by 1.2 %, 2.3 %, and 6.8 %, respectively. In addition, the average proportion of production time in Case2 for 2.5 MW electrolyzers is 75.6 %, while 5 MW is only 60.7 %. 2.5 MW electrolyzers can work in the lower load and higher volatility period, which brings higher income. Lastly, the impact of incorporating heat insulation measures on the system economy is also analyzed. This study can provide a reference for designing configuration schemes and scheduling strategies for off-grid wind power multi-stack hydrogen production systems.

中文翻译：

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离网风电场景多堆碱性水电解系统多功率级配置方案及调度策略研究


可再生能源与电解水制氢的耦合是缓解能源短缺的重要途径。多堆系统是实现规模化制备绿色氢最重要的技术路线。本研究采用混合整数线性规划，建立了考虑冷启动时间和闲置时间之间关系的多堆调度模型，适用于不同功率水平的电解槽。选择三个功率级别的电解槽来生成十种配置方案用于案例研究。结果表明，多功率等级的配置方案可以使多堆系统具有更宽的负载范围，提高综合收益。低负荷工况下的波动主要由小功率级电解槽承担，可以延长电解槽的使用寿命，进一步减少运行维护支出。以综合收益最高的案例2（2×5MW、2×2.5MW）为例，其最小负荷可设置为总额定功率的3.33%。与单功率等级方案Case1（3×5MW）、Case4（6×2.5MW）、Case10（15×1MW）相比，Case2综合收益分别提高1.2%、2.3%，和 6.8% 分别。此外，案例2中2.5MW电解槽的平均生产时间比例为75.6%，而5MW电解槽仅为60.7%。 2.5MW电解槽可以在较低负荷和较高波动时期工作，带来更高的收入。最后，还分析了隔热措施对系统经济性的影响。 该研究可为离网风电多堆制氢系统配置方案和调度策略设计提供参考。