Recently, interest has increased in developing remote sensing (RS) sensor systems with a high spatial and spectral resolution for quantifying methane (CH) emissions from point sources. Evaluating sensor parameters can lead to a better understanding of technological advancements in CH emission estimation. This study addresses several important topics, including the robust algorithm for point source CH emission detection, selecting optimum CH absorption bands and their sensitivity analysis, and evaluating sensor parameters such as spatial and spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Since the matched filter algorithm efficiently detects point source emissions with palpable accuracy, it has been used here for the Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer – Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) sensor data acquired over the USA. The optimum band selection for CH detection was determined using a normalized sensitivity method to investigate the effects of aerosol, water vapor (WV), and surface albedo variations. The impact of these parameters on the CH absorption bands in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) range has been analyzed using MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission (MODTRAN) radiative transfer (RT) model simulations. Using AVIRIS-NG data as a testbed, various methods have been used to reconstruct original data and generate data sets with different sensor specifications. The effects of the sensor parameters, such as spatial and spectral resolution and SNR, on the detection accuracy were analyzed. The results show the significance of SNR over the spatial and spectral resolution for better emission detection. It indicates the reasonable selection of sensor parameters that can help to create an optimal sensor system that will ultimately support the development of an imaging spectrometer suitable for CH emission estimation.

中文翻译：

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甲烷排放检测成像光谱仪光谱带和传感器参数研究


最近，人们对开发具有高空间和光谱分辨率的遥感（RS）传感器系统以量化点源甲烷（CH）排放的兴趣有所增加。评估传感器参数可以更好地了解 CH 排放估算的技术进步。这项研究涉及几个重要主题，包括点源 CH 排放检测的稳健算法、选择最佳 CH 吸收带及其灵敏度分析，以及评估空间和光谱分辨率以及信噪比 (SNR) 等传感器参数。由于匹配滤波器算法能够以明显的精度有效检测点源排放，因此它已用于在美国获取的机载可见红外成像光谱仪 - 下一代 (AVIRIS-NG) 传感器数据。 CH 检测的最佳波段选择是使用归一化灵敏度方法确定的，以研究气溶胶、水蒸气 (WV) 和表面反照率变化的影响。使用中分辨率大气传输 (MODTRAN) 辐射传输 (RT) 模型模拟分析了这些参数对短波红外 (SWIR) 范围内 CH 吸收带的影响。使用AVIRIS-NG数据作为测试平台，使用各种方法重建原始数据并生成具有不同传感器规格的数据集。分析了空间和光谱分辨率以及信噪比等传感器参数对检测精度的影响。结果显示了信噪比相对于空间和光谱分辨率对于更好的发射检测的重要性。 它表明传感器参数的合理选择有助于创建最佳传感器系统，最终支持适合CH排放估算的成像光谱仪的开发。