Anode-free batteries possess the optimal cell architecture due to their reduced weight, volume and cost. However, their implementation has been limited by unstable anode morphological changes and anode–liquid electrolyte interface reactions. Here we show that an electrochemically stable solid electrolyte and the application of stack pressure can solve these issues by enabling the deposition of dense sodium metal. Furthermore, an aluminium current collector is found to achieve intimate solid–solid contact with the solid electrolyte, which allows highly reversible sodium plating and stripping at both high areal capacities and current densities, previously unobtainable with conventional aluminium foil. A sodium anode-free all-solid-state battery full cell is demonstrated with stable cycling for several hundred cycles. This cell architecture serves as a future direction for other battery chemistries to enable low-cost, high-energy-density and fast-charging batteries.

无阳极电池由于重量、体积和成本降低而拥有最佳的电池结构。然而，它们的实施受到不稳定的阳极形态变化和阳极-液体电解质界面反应的限制。在这里，我们证明电化学稳定的固体电解质和堆压力的应用可以通过沉积致密的钠金属来解决这些问题。此外，人们发现铝集电器可以与固体电解质实现紧密的固-固接触，从而可以在高面积容量和电流密度下实现高度可逆的钠电镀和剥离，这是以前传统铝箔无法实现的。展示了一种无钠阳极全固态电池全电池，可稳定循环数百次。这种电池架构是其他电池化学的未来方向，以实现低成本、高能量密度和快速充电电池。