Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) rates have increased substantially in the United States (US) and elsewhere around the globe. These increases are largely the result of increases in alcohol use. While there are many levels at which alcohol use interventions can be implemented in order to reduce alcohol use and its negative health consequences, public policy initiatives have emerged as a powerful way to intervene across a population. In this narrative review, we will review major US national as well as worldwide alcohol related public health policies with a particular focus on describing how such policies have influenced rates of ALD and its complications and outcomes. We will describe global alcohol public health policy frameworks, review key alcohol policy models, describe existing notable policies and their impacts, and highlight gaps in ALD policy literature where further research and policy interventions could reduce rates mortality from ALD.

中文翻译：

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酒精相关肝病和公共卫生政策


在美国和全球其他地区，酒精相关性肝病 (ALD) 发病率大幅上升。这些增加很大程度上是酒精使用量增加的结果。虽然可以在许多层面上实施饮酒干预措施，以减少饮酒及其对健康的负面影响，但公共政策举措已成为干预人群的有力方式。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们将回顾美国国家以及世界范围内与酒精相关的主要公共卫生政策，特别关注描述这些政策如何影响酒精性肝病的发病率及其并发症和结果。我们将描述全球酒精公共卫生政策框架，回顾关键的酒精政策模型，描述现有的值得注意的政策及其影响，并强调酒精性肝病政策文献中的空白，进一步的研究和政策干预可以降低酒精性肝病的死亡率。