The purpose of this paper is to describe a new species of Antarctic amphipod of the genus Orchomenella Sars, 1890, Orchomenella rinamontiae sp. nov., and to investigate whether high-resolution images of the surface anatomy obtained ‘in situ’ with synchrotron radiation X-ray phase-contrast micro-tomography (SR-PhC micro-CT) can replace classical approaches to describe a new species. The phylogenetic analyses based on the gene COI support the morphologically based taxonomic assignment. The SR-PhC micro-CT was useful for viewing the three-dimensional reconstructions, with the great advantages that the specimen could be rotated around all axes and that it was possible digitally to remove sections of the image that might have obscured areas of the amphipod on which we were focusing. However, it is not yet a completely reliable technique to describe a new species fully. Classical descriptions using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are still necessary. Nevertheless, SR-PhC micro-CT is a promising technique that has the potential to revolutionize the way we study biological samples, accelerating the study of biodiversity.

中文翻译：

---

南极新种Orchomenella G.O. Sars，1890（片足类：Lysianassoidea：Tryphosidae）：相差显微断层扫描是一种成熟的数字正模技术吗？


本文的目的是描述 Orchomenella Sars, 1890 属的南极端脚类新种 Orchomenella rinamontiae sp.。 11 月，并研究通过同步辐射 X 射线相衬显微断层扫描（SR-PhC micro-CT）“原位”获得的表面解剖结构的高分辨率图像是否可以取代描述新物种的经典方法。基于基因 COI 的系统发育分析支持基于形态学的分类分配。 SR-PhC 微型 CT 对于观察三维重建非常有用，其最大优点是样本可以绕所有轴旋转，并且可以数字方式删除可能遮挡片脚类区域的图像部分我们关注的焦点。然而，它还不是一种完全可靠的技术来全面描述一个新物种。使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的经典描述仍然是必要的。尽管如此，SR-PhC 微型 CT 是一种很有前途的技术，有可能彻底改变我们研究生物样本的方式，加速生物多样性的研究。