The nitrogen loss in composting is primarily driven by the transformation of organic nitrogen, yet the mechanisms underlying the degradation process remain incompletely understood. This study employed protein family domains (Pfams) analysis based on metagenomic sequencing to investigate the functional characteristics, key microorganisms, and environmental parameters influencing organic nitrogen degradation in chicken manure and pig manure composting. 154 Pfams associated with ammonification function were identified. Predominant Pfams: proteolytic peptidase, followed by chitin/cell wall degraders, least involved in nucleic acid degradation. Ammonifying microbial diversity was basically consistent among compost types, particularly in the thermophilic stage with the peak of abundance of dominant ammonifying microorganisms. Viruses played an important role in ammonification process, especially Uroviricota. 26 key ammonifying genera were identified by the microbial network. pH dominated the metabolic activity of ammonifying microorganisms in various manure compost types, primarily consisting of protein-degrading bacteria with stable community structures.

中文翻译：

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使用宏基因组测序通过鸡粪和猪粪堆肥中的蛋白质家族域分析对有机氮降解的创新见解


堆肥中的氮损失主要是由有机氮的转化驱动的，但降解过程背后的机制仍不完全清楚。本研究采用基于宏基因组测序的蛋白质家族域（Pfams）分析，研究了鸡粪和猪粪堆肥中影响有机氮降解的功能特征、关键微生物和环境参数。鉴定出 154 种与氨化功能相关的 Pfams。主要的 Pfams：蛋白水解肽酶，其次是几丁质/细胞壁降解剂，最少参与核酸降解。堆肥类型之间的氨化微生物多样性基本一致，特别是在高温阶段，主要氨化微生物的丰度达到峰值。病毒在氨化过程中发挥着重要作用，尤其是尾病毒科。微生物网络鉴定出 26 个关键氨化属。 pH值主导各种粪肥堆肥类型中氨化微生物的代谢活动，这些微生物主要由具有稳定群落结构的蛋白质降解细菌组成。