The human colonization of the Canary Islands represents the sole known expansion of Berber communities into the Atlantic Ocean and is an example of marine dispersal carried out by an African population. While this island colonization shows similarities to the populating of other islands across the world, several questions still need to be answered before this case can be included in wider debates regarding patterns of initial colonization and human settlement, human–environment interactions, and the emergence of island identities. Specifically, the chronology of the first human settlement of the Canary Islands remains disputed due to differing estimates of the timing of its first colonization. This absence of a consensus has resulted in divergent hypotheses regarding the motivations that led early settlers to migrate to the islands, e.g., ecological or demographic. Distinct motivations would imply differences in the strategies and dynamics of colonization; thus, identifying them is crucial to understanding how these populations developed in such environments. In response, the current study assembles a comprehensive dataset of the most reliable radiocarbon dates, which were used for building Bayesian models of colonization. The findings suggest that i) the Romans most likely discovered the islands around the 1st century BCE; ii) Berber groups from western North Africa first set foot on one of the islands closest to the African mainland sometime between the 1st and 3rd centuries CE; iii) Roman and Berber societies did not live simultaneously in the Canary Islands; and iv) the Berber people rapidly spread throughout the archipelago.

中文翻译：

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加那利群岛人类殖民年表


人类对加那利群岛的殖民代表了柏柏尔社区向大西洋的唯一已知扩张，也是非洲人口进行海洋传播的一个例子。虽然这种岛屿殖民与世界上其他岛屿的人口居住有相似之处，但在将此案例纳入有关初始殖民和人类住区模式、人类与环境相互作用以及岛屿出现的更广泛辩论之前，仍然需要回答几个问题。岛屿身份。具体而言，由于对加那利群岛首次殖民时间的估计不同，加那利群岛第一个人类定居点的年代仍然存在争议。由于缺乏共识，导致人们对早期定居者迁移到这些岛屿的动机（例如生态或人口）产生了不同的假设。不同的动机意味着殖民策略和动态的差异；因此，识别它们对于了解这些种群如何在这种环境中发展至关重要。作为回应，当前的研究收集了最可靠的放射性碳日期的综合数据集，用于构建殖民化的贝叶斯模型。研究结果表明，i) 罗马人最有可能在公元前 1 世纪左右发现了这些岛屿； ii) 来自北非西部的柏柏尔人群体在公元 1 世纪至 3 世纪的某个时间首次踏足最靠近非洲大陆的岛屿之一； iii）罗马社会和柏柏尔社会并没有同时生活在加那利群岛； iv）柏柏尔人迅速遍布整个群岛。