Herein, poly(N-(4-aminophenyl)methacrylamide)-carbon nano-onions [abbreviated as PAPMA-CNOs (f-CNOs)] integrated gallic acid cross-linked zein composite fibers (ZG/f-CNOs) were developed for the removal/recovery of phosphate from wastewater along with controlled drug delivery and intrinsic antibacterial characteristics. The composite fibers were produced by Forcespinning followed by a heat-pressure technique. The obtained ZG/f-CNOs composite fibers presented several favorable characteristics of nanoadsorbents and drug carriers. The composite fibers exhibited excellent adsorption capabilities for phosphate ions. The adsorption assessment demonstrated that composite fibers process highly selective sequestration of phosphate ions from polluted water, even in the presence of competing anions. The ZG/f-CNOs composite fibers presented a maximum phosphate adsorption capacity (q_max) of 2500 mg/g at pH 7.0. This represents the most efficient phosphate adsorption system among all of the reported nanocomposites to date. The isotherm studies and adsorption kinetics of the adsorbent showed that the adsorption experiments followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.9999). After 13 adsorption/desorption cycles, the adsorbent could still maintain its adsorption efficiency of 96–98% at pH 7.0 while maintaining stability under thermal and chemical conditions. The results mark significant progress in the design of composite fibers for removing phosphates from wastewater, potentially aiding in alleviating eutrophication effects. Owing to the f-CNOs incorporation, ZG/f-CNOs composite fibers exhibited controlled drug delivery. An antibiotic azithromycin drug-encapsulated composite fibers presented a pH-mediated drug release in a controlled manner over 18 days. Furthermore, the composite fibers displayed excellent antibacterial efficiency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without causing resistance. In addition, zein composite fibers showed augmented mechanical properties due to the presence of f-CNOs within the zein matrix. Nonetheless, the robust zein composite fibers with inherent stimuli-responsive drug delivery, antibacterial properties, and phosphate adsorption properties can be considered promising multifunctional composites for biomedical applications and environmental remediation.

中文翻译：

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新型玉米醇溶蛋白复合材料具有高性能除磷、内在抗菌和药物输送能力


在此，开发了聚（N-（4-氨基苯基）甲基丙烯酰胺）-碳纳米洋葱[缩写为PAPMA-CNOs（f-CNOs）]集成没食子酸交联玉米蛋白复合纤维（ZG/f-CNOs）从废水中去除/回收磷酸盐以及受控的药物输送和固有的抗菌特性。复合纤维是通过强力纺丝和热压技术生产的。所得的 ZG/f-CNOs 复合纤维呈现出纳米吸附剂和药物载体的多种有利特性。该复合纤维对磷酸盐离子表现出优异的吸附能力。吸附评估表明，即使存在竞争性阴离子，复合纤维也能高度选择性地螯合污染水中的磷酸根离子。 ZG/f-CNOs复合纤维在pH 7.0时表现出最大磷酸盐吸附容量(q _max )为2500 mg/g。这代表了迄今为止所有报道的纳米复合材料中最有效的磷酸盐吸附系统。吸附剂的等温线研究和吸附动力学表明，吸附实验遵循准二级和Langmuir等温线模型（R ² = 0.9999）。经过13次吸附/解吸循环后，吸附剂在pH 7.0下仍能保持96%~98%的吸附效率，同时在热和化学条件下保持稳定性。这些结果标志着用于去除废水中磷酸盐的复合纤维设计取得了重大进展，可能有助于减轻富营养化影响。由于 f-CNOs 的掺入，ZG/f-CNOs 复合纤维表现出受控的药物输送。 抗生素阿奇霉素药物封装复合纤维在 18 天内以受控方式呈现 pH 介导的药物释放。此外，复合纤维对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌表现出优异的抗菌效率，且不会产生耐药性。此外，由于玉米蛋白基质中存在 f-CNO，玉米蛋白复合纤维表现出增强的机械性能。尽管如此，具有固有的刺激响应药物输送、抗菌特性和磷酸盐吸附特性的坚固的玉米醇溶蛋白复合纤维可以被认为是用于生物医学应用和环境修复的有前途的多功能复合材料。