Integrating gels with human skin through wearables provides unprecedented opportunities for health monitoring technology and artificial intelligence. However, most conductive hydrogels, organogels, and ionogels lack essential environmental stability, biocompatibility, and adhesion for reliable epidermal sensing. In this study, we have developed a liquid metal eutectogel simultaneously possessing superior viscoelasticity, semiflowability, and mechanical rigidity for low interfacial skin impedance, high skin adhesion, and durability. Liquid metal particles (LMPs) are employed to generate free radicals and gallium ions to accelerate the polymerization of acrylic acid monomers in a deep eutectic solvent (DES), obtaining highly viscoelastic polymer networks via physical cross-linking. In particular, graphene oxide (GO) is utilized to encapsulate the LMPs through a sonication-assisted electrostatic assembly to stabilize the LMPs in DES, which also enhances the mechanical toughness and regulates the rheological properties of the eutectogels. Our optimized semi-flowable eutectogel exhibits viscous fluid behavior at low shear rates, facilitating a highly conformable interface with hairy skin. Simultaneously, it demonstrates viscoelastic behavior at high shear rates, allowing for easy peel-off. These distinctive attributes enable the successful applications of on-skin adhesive strain sensing and high-fidelity human electrophysiological (EP) monitoring, showcasing the versatility of these ionically conductive liquid metal eutectogels in advanced personal health monitoring.

中文翻译：

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用于高保真电生理监测的粘弹性粘合剂、超适形和半流动液态金属共熔凝胶


通过可穿戴设备将凝胶与人体皮肤结合起来，为健康监测技术和人工智能提供了前所未有的机遇。然而，大多数导电水凝胶、有机凝胶和离子凝胶缺乏可靠的表皮传感所必需的环境稳定性、生物相容性和粘附性。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种液态金属共熔凝胶，同时具有优异的粘弹性、半流动性和机械刚性，可实现低界面皮肤阻抗、高皮肤粘附力和耐久性。采用液态金属颗粒（LMP）产生自由基和镓离子，加速丙烯酸单体在低共熔溶剂（DES）中的聚合，通过物理交联获得高粘弹性聚合物网络。特别是，利用氧化石墨烯（GO）通过超声辅助静电组装封装LMP，以稳定DES中的LMP，这也增强了共析凝胶的机械韧性并调节了流变性能。我们优化的半流动共构凝胶在低剪切速率下表现出粘性流体行为，有助于与毛茸茸的皮肤形成高度贴合的界面。同时，它在高剪切速率下表现出粘弹性行为，可以轻松剥离。这些独特的属性使得皮肤粘附应变传感和高保真人体电生理 (EP) 监测的成功应用成为可能，展示了这些离子导电液态金属共熔凝胶在先进个人健康监测中的多功能性。