At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Adriatic was still insufficiently explored sea. The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815), which in 1806 resulted in a territorial expansion of the French Empire to the eastern Adriatic (formerly part of the Austrian Empire), highlighted the issues of territorial sovereignty both on land and at sea, triggering the first hydrographic survey of the Adriatic. Napoleon Bonaparte, whose military operations were conducted precisely at sea, hired Charles François Beautemps-Beaupré, his best hydrographer, to conduct a hydrographic survey of the eastern coasts of the Adriatic. Conducted in the period 1806–1809, the survey resulted in the first modern hydrographic charts of the Adriatic that were accompanied by a hydrographic report, containing an analysis of its currents, winds, tides, and geomagnetism. Beautemps-Beaupré’s campaign was the first scientifically based survey of the Adriatic whose charts and the attached report represented a shift towards an all-encompassing convention of maritime cartography. It enhanced both the sovereignty over the newly acquired sea and the insight into the maritime theatre of the Napoleonic Wars, thus confirming a strong union between political power and science. The aim of the article is to show why the French survey was a turning-point in geographical knowledge on Adriatic and how French imperialism affected the knowledge on martime geography of the Adriatic Sea.

中文翻译：

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科学与帝国主义：通过对亚得里亚海的调查将海洋主权置于法兰西帝国的边缘（1806-1809 年）


在 19 世纪初，亚得里亚海的海洋仍然没有得到充分的探索。拿破仑战争（1803-1815 年）于 1806 年导致法兰西帝国领土扩张到亚得里亚海东部（前奥地利帝国的一部分），突出了陆地和海上的领土主权问题，引发了亚得里亚海的第一次水文测量。拿破仑·波拿巴的军事行动精确地在海上进行，他聘请了他最好的水文测量师查尔斯·弗朗索瓦·博坦普斯-博普雷 （Charles François Beautemps-Beaupré） 对亚得里亚海东海岸进行水文测量。该调查于 1806 年至 1809 年期间进行，产生了亚得里亚海的第一张现代水文图，并附有一份水文报告，其中包含对其洋流、风、潮汐和地磁的分析。Beautemps-Beaupré 的宣传活动是对亚得里亚海的第一次基于科学的调查，其海图和随附的报告代表了向包罗万象的海洋制图惯例的转变。它既增强了对新获得的海洋的主权，又增强了对拿破仑战争海上战场的洞察力，从而证实了政治权力与科学之间的紧密结合。本文的目的是说明为什么法国的调查是亚得里亚海地理知识的转折点，以及法国帝国主义如何影响亚得里亚海的海洋地理知识。