Polyanthraquinone imides (PAQI), a prominent carbonyl compound, are considered promising organic cathode materials for rechargeable Li-ion batteries due to their large specific capacity, favorable redox kinetics, and abundant resources. Nevertheless, its commercial application is hindered by low conductivity, poor rate performance, and cycle stability. In this work, carbon nanotube-modified anthraquinone-based polyimides (PAQI@xCNT) were synthesized through a facile in situ polymerization on carbon nanotubes. The in situ growth of PAQI on CNTs enables the interlacing of CNTs between PAQI layers, resulting in enhanced electron transfer dynamics for lithium- and sodium-ion batteries. The designed PAQI@2.5CNT cathode presents a high specific capacity of 181.5 mAh g^–1 at 0.2 A g^–1, 72% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1 A g^–1, and an ultrahigh rate performance with a specific capacity of 92.2 mAh g^–1 at 20 A g^–1 (∼100 C). The PAQI@2.5CNT with a high active material loading of over 10 mg cm^–2 still exhibits a high capacity of 181.1 mAh g^–1 at 0.2 A g^–1, demonstrating its great potential for commercialization. Mechanism analysis reveals that capacitive contribution is dominant in the reaction process. Both the all-organic lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries based on the PAQI@2.5CNT cathode present excellent electrochemical performance. This work provides a strategy for designing high-rate-performance all-organic lithium/sodium-ion batteries.

中文翻译：

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用于全有机锂/钠离子电池的基于碳纳米管改性蒽醌基聚酰亚胺的高性能有机正极


聚蒽醌酰亚胺（PAQI）是一种重要的羰基化合物，由于其比容量大、氧化还原动力学良好和资源丰富，被认为是有前途的可充电锂离子电池有机正极材料。然而，其商业应用受到低电导率、较差的倍率性能和循环稳定性的阻碍。在这项工作中，通过碳纳米管上的简单原位聚合合成了碳纳米管改性的蒽醌基聚酰亚胺（PAQI@xCNT）。 PAQI 在 CNT 上的原位生长使得 PAQ​​I 层之间的 CNT 交错，从而增强锂离子和钠离子电池的电子传输动力学。设计的 PAQI@2.5CNT 正极在 0.2 A g ^–1 下具有 181.5 mAh g ^–1 的高比容量，在 1 A g ^–1 (∼100 C) 下比容量为 92.2 mAh g ^–1 的超高倍率性能。 PAQI@2.5CNT具有超过10 mg cm ^–2 的高活性材料负载量，在0.2 A g ^–1 时仍表现出181.1 mAh g ^–1 的高容量，展示了其巨大的商业化潜力。机理分析表明，电容贡献在反应过程中占主导地位。基于PAQI@2.5CNT正极的全有机锂离子和钠离子电池均表现出优异的电化学性能。这项工作为设计高性能全有机锂/钠离子电池提供了一种策略。