Low-energy buildings make it difficult for the waste heat and pollutants in the kitchen to escape from indoors to outdoors due to their high air tightness and low air permeability. Therefore, a local make-up air system is needed to enhance the air change rate in the kitchen area. This study presents a design for a three-side slit make-up air system and assesses its impacts on the thermal comfort and pollutant concentrations of low-energy kitchens in winter. Orthogonal experiments were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the exposure levels of PM and TVOC in the breathing area and to determine the optimal parameters for system design and operation. The results indicated that the maximum temperature difference between head and ankles with slit make-up air was 17.1 °C, which was 1.6 °C lower than that under the natural make-up air. The maximum vertical temperature increased by 5.8 °C as the make-up air temperature increased to −5 °C. Furthermore, the average concentrations of PM and TVOC in the breathing area decreased by 62.4 % and 40.5 %, respectively, compared with those without the slit make-up air system. The optimal parameters for pollutant control are make-up air velocity of 5 m/s, exhaust rate of 700 m/h, and slit angle of 90°. These experimental results indicated that the slit make-up air system could improve thermal comfort compared with natural make-up air systems and effectively reduce the concentration of kitchen pollutants in low-energy buildings in severely cold regions. This study provided fundamental information for further investigations on improving the kitchen environment of low-energy buildings.

中文翻译：

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狭缝补风系统对低能耗厨房环境的影响及优化运行参数


低能耗建筑由于气密性高、透气性低，使得厨房的余热和污染物很难从室内逸出到室外。因此，需要局部新风系统来提高厨房区域的换气率。本研究提出了一种三侧狭缝新风系统的设计，并评估了其对冬季低能耗厨房的热舒适度和污染物浓度的影响。通过正交实验定量评估呼吸区域PM和TVOC的暴露水平，并确定系统设计和运行的最佳参数。结果表明，缝隙补风时头部和脚踝的最大温差为17.1℃，比自然补风时降低了1.6℃。当补充空气温度增加到-5°C 时，最大垂直温度增加了5.8°C。此外，与没有狭缝补风系统的情况相比，呼吸区域PM和TVOC的平均浓度分别降低了62.4%和40.5%。污染物控制的最佳参数为补充风速5 m/s、排气量700 m/h、狭缝角度90°。实验结果表明，狭缝新风系统较自然新风系统能够提高热舒适性，并能有效降低严寒地区低能耗建筑厨房污染物浓度。本研究为进一步研究改善低能耗建筑厨房环境提供了基础资料。