Temporal and spatial irrigation performance indicators are crucial in informing decisions for improving the efficiency and sustainability of water and land resources. However, evaluating these indicators requires reliable and cost-effective data, which is challenging to obtain, particularly for small-scale irrigation schemes. This study aimed to assess the performance of a small-scale irrigation scheme using remote sensing and ground truth data for the 2021/22 and 2022/2023 irrigation seasons employing the Shimburit irrigation scheme in Northwestern Ethiopia, predominantly cultivated with wheat, as a case study. The performance indicators, including equity, adequacy, overall consumed ratio (OCR), and productivity, were assessed. The actual evapotranspiration (ET), the main input for performance assessment, was estimated using the surface energy balance for land – improved (SEBALI) model in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The results revealed good equity within the scheme, with a coefficient of variation of ETa value per field inside the scheme are 1.90 and 1.63 for the respective seasons. The water use adequacy across the fields was assessed to be very good in the two seasons. The scheme's overall consumed ratio (OCR) was 0.54 and 0.43 during the two subsequent seasons. Water productivity of wheat is 3.03 kg/m and 3.06 kg/m in the two seasons. However, due to untimely rainfall during harvest, land productivity declined from 3.25 tons/ha in the first season to 2.08 tons/ha in the second season. The study demonstrates the potential of using remote sensing to evaluate irrigation performance indicators and water productivity in smallholder irrigated fields.

中文翻译：

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利用遥感技术监测埃塞俄比亚青尼罗河上游盆地的小规模灌溉绩效


时空灌溉绩效指标对于为提高水和土地资源的效率和可持续性做出决策至关重要。然而，评估这些指标需要可靠且具有成本效益的数据，而获得这些数据具有挑战性，特别是对于小型灌溉计划。本研究旨在利用遥感和地面实况数据评估 2021/22 和 2022/2023 灌溉季小规模灌溉计划的绩效，以埃塞俄比亚西北部主要种植小麦的 Shimburit 灌溉计划为案例研究。评估了绩效指标，包括公平性、充足性、总体消耗率（OCR）和生产率。实际蒸散量 (ET) 是绩效评估的主要输入，是使用 Google 地球引擎 (GEE) 平台中的土地表面能量平衡改进 (SEBALI) 模型进行估算的。结果显示该计划具有良好的公平性，该计划内每个田地的 ETa 值的变异系数在相应季节分别为 1.90 和 1.63。经评估，这两个季节各田地的用水充足性都非常好。在随后的两个赛季中，该计划的总体消耗率 (OCR) 分别为 0.54 和 0.43。两季小麦水分生产力分别为3.03kg/m、3.06kg/m。但由于收获期降雨不及时，土地生产力从第一季的3.25吨/公顷下降到第二季的2.08吨/公顷。该研究展示了利用遥感评估小农灌溉田的灌溉绩效指标和水生产率的潜力。