Emerging pollutants pose an increasing threat to the environment and human well-being, requiring substantial progress in analytical methodologies. Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (μ-dSPE) has proven successful in detecting and measuring these contaminants, particularly in trace quantities. However, challenges persist in achieving a uniform sorbent distribution and efficient separation from the sample matrix. To address these issues, effervescent-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (EA-μ-dSPE) was developed. This method uses on-site produced carbon dioxide as a dispersing agent, eliminating the need for vortexing or ultrasonication. Due to the sorbent dispersion in the sample solution, the contact surface between the analyte and the sorbent increases, resulting in increased extraction efficiency, reduced extraction time, and promotes of sustainability. Several parameters are critical to the successful execution of this procedure to extract the analytes, including the type and structure of sorbent, composition of dispersing agents, sorbent separation procedure, and type and properties of desorption solvents. The sorbent plays a critical role in successful extraction of emerging pollutants. It is clear that for the extraction of the analyte on the sorbent, proper interaction must be established between the analyte and the sorbent via physical and chemical interactions. This review thoroughly evaluates the underlying principles of the approach, its potential, and the significant advancements that have been documented. It explores the method's capacity to analyse and identify emerging pollutants, emphasising its potential across various sample matrices for enhanced pollutant identification and quantification.

中文翻译：

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泡腾辅助分散微固相萃取分析新兴污染物的进展


新出现的污染物对环境和人类福祉构成越来越大的威胁，需要分析方法取得实质性进展。事实证明，分散微固相萃取 (μ-dSPE) 可以成功检测和测量这些污染物，尤其是痕量污染物。然而，在实现均匀的吸附剂分布和与样品基质的有效分离方面仍然存在挑战。为了解决这些问题，开发了泡腾辅助分散微固相萃取（EA-μ-dSPE）。该方法使用现场产生的二氧化碳作为分散剂，无需涡旋或超声处理。由于吸附剂在样品溶液中的分散，分析物与吸附剂之间的接触表面增加，从而提高了萃取效率，减少了萃取时间，并促进了可持续性。有几个参数对于成功执行提取分析物的程序至关重要，包括吸附剂的类型和结构、分散剂的组成、吸附剂分离程序以及解吸溶剂的类型和性质。吸附剂在成功提取新兴污染物方面发挥着关键作用。显然，为了在吸附剂上萃取分析物，必须通过物理和化学相互作用在分析物和吸附剂之间建立适当的相互作用。本次审查彻底评估了该方法的基本原则、其潜力以及已记录的重大进展。它探讨了该方法分析和识别新兴污染物的能力，强调了其在各种样品基质中增强污染物识别和定量的潜力。