Camelina is a multi-purpose oilseed crop for industrial bio-based applications. Recently, it has gained increasing attention mostly due to the possibility to grow with limited resources and in marginal environments, as well as to increase soil coverage and water retention, while reducing nitrogen leaching. The present study aimed to assess the viability of using camelina as an emerging oilseed crop for EU and African Mediterranean farmers. Several camelina spring genotypes were evaluated in a multi-location trial (Italy, Spain, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) in two growing seasons (2020–22). Although thermal time was very similar at all sites (∼1300 GDD from sowing to harvest), the growing cycle length was about 60 days longer in Europe than in Africa, leading to a higher seed yield (∼ 1.5-fold higher). Mean seed production in the African countries was 0.71 Mg ha⁻¹ proving camelina to be adaptable even to very arid conditions. Under more favorable conditions (European countries) seed yields was up to 2 Mg ha⁻¹. Among genotypes, Alba generally exhibited the highest seed yield and seed weight, while CCE42 and CCE29 showed more stable productions over years and locations. Based on the results of the present study it is possible to conclude that the introduction of camelina into conventional Mediterranean cropping systems appeared as feasible option to improve crop diversification; however, the selection of best camelina varieties is essential to achieve sustainable productions, particularly for African countries.

亚麻荠是一种用于工业生物基应用的多用途油籽作物。最近，它受到越来越多的关注，主要是因为它可以在有限的资源和边缘环境中生长，以及增加土壤覆盖率和保水性，同时减少氮淋滤。本研究旨在评估欧盟和非洲地中海农民使用亚麻荠作为新兴油籽作物的可行性。在两个生长季节（2020-22）的多地点试验（意大利、西班牙、阿尔及利亚、摩洛哥和突尼斯）中评估了几种春季亚麻荠基因型。尽管所有地点的热时间都非常相似（从播种到收获约 1300 GDD），但欧洲的生长周期长度比非洲长约 60 天，导致种子产量更高（约高 1.5 倍）。非洲国家的平均种子产量为 0.71 毫克公顷 ⁻¹ ，证明亚麻荠甚至可以适应非常干旱的条件。在更有利的条件下（欧洲国家）种子产量高达 2 毫克公顷 ⁻¹ 。在基因型中，Alba 通常表现出最高的种子产量和种子重量，而 CCE42 和 CCE29 则随着年份和地点的不同而表现出更稳定的产量。根据本研究的结果，可以得出结论，将亚麻荠引入传统地中海种植系统似乎是改善作物多样化的可行选择；然而，选择最好的亚麻荠品种对于实现可持续生产至关重要，特别是对于非洲国家而言。