Hydrogen production from electrolytic seawater, as a renewable energy production method, not only conserves freshwater resources, but also helps to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote the transition of the energy mix to a cleaner and more sustainable direction. However, seawater cracking is challenged by the kinetically slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the competing chloride evolution reaction (CER) and impurities/precipitates, making it more difficult than pure water electrolysis. To date, much effort has been put into developing efficient catalysts for the OER reaction in order to accelerate research into seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production. Due to its excellent performance in pure water electrolysis, the use of NiFe layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) for seawater oxidation has been widely reported in recent years. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent progress of NiFe-LDH for seawater oxidation in the last five years. Firstly, the mechanisms of seawater oxidation and the challenges of seawater electrolysis are introduced. Secondly, the crystal structure and synthesis methods of NiFe-LDH are briefly described. Then, various modification strategies to improve its seawater oxidation performance are categorized and discussed, and finally, we propose some future directions for the development of NiFe-LDH catalysts for seawater oxidation.

中文翻译：

---

NiFe层状双氢氧化物电催化剂用于海水氧化的最新进展


电解海水制氢作为一种可再生能源生产方式，不仅可以节约淡水资源，还有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖，推动能源结构向更清洁、更可持续的方向转变。然而，海水裂解受到动力学缓慢析氧反应（OER）、竞争性析氯反应（CER）和杂质/沉淀物的挑战，使其比纯水电解更加困难。迄今为止，为了加速海水电解制氢的研究，人们在开发用于OER反应的高效催化剂方面投入了大量精力。由于其在纯水电解方面的优异性能，近年来利用NiFe层状双氢氧化物（NiFe-LDH）进行海水氧化已被广泛报道。因此，本文综述了近五年来NiFe-LDH在海水氧化方面的最新进展。首先，介绍了海水氧化的机理和海水电解面临的挑战。其次，简要介绍了NiFe-LDH的晶体结构和合成方法。然后，对提高其海水氧化性能的各种改性策略进行了分类和讨论，最后，我们提出了用于海水氧化的NiFe-LDH催化剂的未来发展方向。