To address the challenge of balancing high conductivity, capacity, and long-cycle stability in VO cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, we introduce an innovative strategy of co-embedding cations and anions into the layered VO structure. We synthesized Na and P co-embedded layered VO materials and systematically investigated their morphological structure, elemental valence, and electrochemical properties using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical characterization. The synthesized material demonstrated a high capacity of 357.8 mAh·g at 0.2 A·g and a remarkable capacity retention of 107.7 % after 2000 cycles at 4.0 A·g. These results highlight the synergistic effect of co-embedded ions and structured water, offering new insights into the insertion/extraction dynamics of pre-embedded ions, structured water, and zinc ions in layered VO.

中文翻译：

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在层状 V2O5 中预嵌入 Na+ 和 PO43- 的灵活性，可实现高容量和稳定性锌离子电池


为了解决水性锌离子电池 VO 正极材料平衡高电导率、容量和长循环稳定性的挑战，我们引入了一种创新策略，将阳离子和阴离子共同嵌入层状 VO 结构中。我们合成了Na和P共嵌入的层状VO材料，并利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱和电化学表征系统地研究了它们的形态结构、元素价态和电化学性能。合成材料在0.2A·g下表现出357.8mAh·g的高容量，在4.0A·g下循环2000次后容量保持率高达107.7%。这些结果突出了共嵌入离子和结构水的协同效应，为预嵌入离子、结构水和锌离子在层状 VO 中的插入/提取动力学提供了新的见解。