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Runaway BN supergiant star HD 93840: Progenitor of an imminent core-collapse supernova above the Galactic plane
Astronomy & Astrophysics ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 , DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347732
D. Weßmayer , M. A. Urbaneja , K. Butler , N. Przybilla

We present a quantitative spectral analysis of the extreme nitrogen-enhanced supergiant HD 93840 (BN1 Ib) at an intermediate galactic latitude. Based on an optical high-resolution spectrum and complementary ultraviolet and infrared (spectro-)photometry, in addition to Gaia data, we carried out a full characterisation of the star’s properties. We used both hydrostatic and unified (photosphere+wind) model atmospheres that account for deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium. A highly unusual surface CNO-mixing signature and a marked stellar overluminosity compared to the mass imply a binary channel for the star’s past evolution. The kinematics shows that it has reached its current position above the Galactic plane as a runaway star, likely ejected by the supernova explosion of its former companion star. Its current bulk composition, with a notably increased mean molecular weight due to core He- and progressed shell H-burning, suggests an advanced evolutionary stage. It is poised to yield a rare core-collapse supernova of a blue supergiant about ten OB star population scale heights above the Galactic disk relatively soon, contributing to the metal enrichment of the circumgalactic medium.

中文翻译:


失控的BN超巨星HD 93840:银河平面上方即将发生的核心塌缩超新星的前身



我们对银河系中间纬度的极端氮增强超巨星 HD 93840 (BN1 Ib) 进行了定量光谱分析。除了盖亚数据之外,基于光学高分辨率光谱和互补的紫外和红外(分光)光度测定,我们对恒星的特性进行了全面的表征。我们使用了流体静力学和统一(光球层+风)模型大气来解释局部热力学平衡的偏差。与质量相比,非常不寻常的表面 CNO 混合特征和明显的恒星过光度暗示着该恒星过去演化的双星通道。运动学表明,它已经作为一颗失控恒星到达银河平面上方的当前位置,很可能是被其前伴星的超新星爆炸喷射出来的。由于核心He燃烧和壳层H燃烧的进展,其目前的整体成分具有显着增加的平均分子量,这表明其处于先进的进化阶段。它有望在相对较快的时间内产生一颗罕见的蓝超巨星核心塌陷超新星,其高度约为银盘上方十个OB星群规模的高度,从而有助于环银河介质的金属富集。
更新日期:2024-06-28