Catalysts open up new reaction pathways that can speed up chemical reactions while not consuming the catalyst. A similar phenomenon has been discovered in quantum information science, where physical transformations become possible by utilizing a quantum degree of freedom that returns to its initial state at the end of the process. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the concept of catalysis in quantum information science is presented and its applications in various physical contexts are discussed.

中文翻译：

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量子信息论中的催化


催化剂开辟了新的反应途径，可以加速化学反应，同时不消耗催化剂。在量子信息科学中也发现了类似的现象，通过利用在过程结束时返回其初始状态的量子自由度，物理变换成为可能。在这篇综述中，全面概述了量子信息科学中催化的概念，并讨论了其在各种物理环境中的应用。