The state of an open quantum system undergoing an adiabatic process evolves by following the instantaneous stationary state of its time-dependent generator. This observation allows one to characterize, for a generic adiabatic evolution, the average dynamics of the open system. However, information about fluctuations of dynamical observables, such as the number of photons emitted or the time-integrated stochastic entropy production in single experimental runs, requires controlling the whole spectrum of the generator and not only the stationary state. Here, we show how such information can be obtained in adiabatic open quantum dynamics by exploiting tools from large deviation theory. We prove an adiabatic theorem for deformed generators, which allows us to encode, in a biased quantum state, the full counting statistics of generic time-integrated dynamical observables. We further compute the probability associated with an arbitrary “rare” time history of the observable and derive a dynamics which realizes it in its typical behavior. Our results provide a way to characterize and engineer adiabatic open quantum dynamics and to control their fluctuations.

中文翻译：

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绝热开放量子动力学中的大偏差全计数统计


经历绝热过程的开放量子系统的状态通过遵循其时间相关发生器的瞬时稳态而演化。这一观察结果使人们能够表征一般绝热演化的开放系统的平均动力学。然而，有关动态可观测值波动的信息，例如单次实验运行中发射的光子数量或时间积分随机熵产生，需要控制发生器的整个光谱，而不仅仅是稳态。在这里，我们展示了如何通过利用大偏差理论的工具在绝热开放量子动力学中获得此类信息。我们证明了变形生成器的绝热定理，该定理使我们能够在有偏量子态下对通用时间积分动态可观测量的完整计数统计进行编码。我们进一步计算与可观察的任意“稀有”时间历史相关的概率，并导出在其典型行为中实现它的动力学。我们的结果提供了一种表征和设计绝热开放量子动力学并控制其涨落的方法。