Doubled haploid (DH) technology and synthetic apomixis approaches can considerably shorten breeding cycles and enhance breeding efficiency. Compared with traditional breeding methods, DH technology offers the advantage of rapidly generating inbred lines, while synthetic apomixis can effectively fix hybrid vigor. In this review, we focus on (i) recent advances in identifying and characterizing genes responsible for haploid induction (HI), (ii) the molecular mechanisms of HI, (iii) spontaneous haploid genome doubling, and (iv) crop synthetic apomixis. We also discuss the challenges and potential solutions for future crop breeding programs utilizing DH technology and synthetic apomixis. Finally, we provide our perspectives about how to integrate DH and synthetic apomixis for precision breeding and domestication.

中文翻译：

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双单倍体技术和合成无融合生殖：未来作物育种的最新进展和应用


双单倍体（DH）技术和合成无融合生殖方法可以大大缩短育种周期并提高育种效率。与传统育种方法相比，DH技术具有快速产生自交系的优点，而人工无融合生殖可以有效固定杂种活力。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注（i）识别和表征单倍体诱导（HI）基因的最新进展，（ii）HI的分子机制，（iii）自发单倍体基因组加倍，以及（iv）作物合成无融合生殖。我们还讨论了利用 DH 技术和合成无融合生殖技术的未来作物育种计划面临的挑战和潜在解决方案。最后，我们提出了关于如何整合DH和合成无融合生殖进行精准育种和驯化的观点。