Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an “inverted” architecture are a key pathway for commercializing this emerging photovoltaic technology due to the better power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability as compared to the “normal” device structure. Specifically, PCEs of the inverted PSCs have exceeded 25% owing to the development of improved self-assembled molecules (SAMs)^1-5 and passivation strategies^6-8. Nevertheless, poor wettability and agglomerations of SAMs^9-12 will cause interfacial losses, impeding further improvement in PCE and stability. Herein, we report on molecular hybrid at the buried interface in inverted PSCs by co-assembling a multiple carboxylic acid functionalized aromatic compound of 4,4’,4’’-nitrilotribenzoicacid (NA) with a popular SAM of [4-(3,6-dime-thyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) to improve the heterojunction interface. The molecular hybrid of Me-4PACz with NA could substantially improve the interfacial characteristics. The resulting inverted PSCs demonstrated a record-certified steady-state efficiency of 26.54%. Crucially, this strategy aligns seamlessly with large-scale manufacturing, achieving the highest certified PCE for inverted mini-modules at 22.74% (aperture area: 11.1 cm²). Our device also maintained 96.1% of its initial PCE after more than 2,400 hours of 1-sun operation in ambient air.

具有“倒置”结构的钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）是这种新兴光伏技术商业化的关键途径，因为与“正常”器件结构相比，它具有更好的功率转换效率（PCE）和运行稳定性。具体来说，由于改进的自组装分子（SAM） ^1-5 和钝化策略 ^6-8 的发展，倒置PSC的PCE已超过25％。然而，SAM ^9-12 润湿性差和团聚会导致界面损失，阻碍PCE和稳定性的进一步提高。在此，我们通过将 4,4',4''-次氮基三苯甲酸 (NA) 的多羧酸功能化芳香族化合物与流行的 SAM [4-(3, 6-二甲基-9H-咔唑-9-基）丁基]膦酸（Me-4PACz）可改善异质结界面。 Me-4PACz 与 NA 的分子杂化可以显着改善界面特性。由此产生的倒置 PSC 表现出创纪录的 26.54% 稳态效率。至关重要的是，该策略与大规模制造无缝结合，实现了倒置微型模块的最高认证 PCE 22.74%（孔径面积：11.1 cm ² ）。在环境空气中运行 1 个太阳超过 2,400 小时后，我们的设备还保持了 96.1% 的初始 PCE。