BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of preloading crestal bone loss (PLCBL) and to identify the patient‐related and implant‐related factors associated with PLCBL.MethodsThis retrospective cohort examined the dental records of patients who received at least one dental implant. PLCBL was defined as a reduction ⩾0.5 mm and severe PLCBL (primary variable) as a reduction ⩾1.5 mm in mesial and/or distal bone level, measured from the day of implant placement to uncovering or abutment installation/crown delivery. The incidence of PLCBL and patient and implant variables were recorded. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression identified factors associated with PLCBL ⩾0.5 mm and ⩾1.5 mm.ResultsA total of 746 dental implants placed in 361 patients from January 2011 to July 2021 was included in the analyses. Of the implants assessed, 24.4% (n = 182) exhibited PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm and 10.5% (n = 78) presented severe PLCBL (i.e., ⩾1.5 mm). Males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–3.07), patients with diabetes (OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.73–6.42), and those allergic to penicillin (OR = 3.13, 95% CI = 1.57–6.22) were more likely to experience severe PLCBL (p < 0.05). Implants placed in the anterior area (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.16–3.73), with bone‐level platform‐abutment connection (OR = 4.73, 95% CI = 1.94–11.49) and inserted supracrestally (OR = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.84–7.72), presented a greater risk of developing severe PLCBL (p < 0.05). Implants placed in a previously grafted area presented a lower likelihood of developing severe PLCBL (OR = 0.489, 95% CI = 0.28–0.84).ConclusionThe incidence of PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm and ⩾1.5 mm was 24.4% and 10.5%, respectively. Male sex, diabetes, allergy to penicillin, anterior location, bone‐level platform‐abutment connection, and supracrestal implant placement are potential risk factors for severe PLCBL. A previously grafted area is a potential protective factor.

中文翻译：

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前负荷种植体周围牙槽嵟骨质流失：发生率和相关因素的回顾性研究


背景本研究的目的是评估前负荷牙槽嵴骨丢失 （PLCBL） 的发生率，并确定与 PLCBL 相关的患者相关和种植体相关因素。方法该回顾性队列检查了至少接受一次种植牙的患者的牙科记录。PLCBL 定义为近中和/或远中骨水平减少 ⩾0.5 mm，重度 PLCBL（主要变量）定义为从种植体植入之日起至揭开或基台安装/牙冠交付的日期减少 ⩾1.5 mm。记录 PLCBL 的发生率以及患者和植入物变量。双变量分析和二元 logistic 回归确定了与 PLCBL ⩾0.5 mm 和 ⩾1.5 mm 相关的因素.结果分析包括 2011 年 1 月至 2021 年 7 月期间在 361 名患者中放置的 746 个种植牙。在评估的植入物中，24.4% （n = 182） 表现出 PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm，10.5% （n = 78） 表现出严重的 PLCBL （即 ⩾1.5 mm）。男性 （比值比 [OR] = 1.85,95% 置信区间 [CI] = 1.11-3.07）、糖尿病患者 （OR = 3.33,95% CI = 1.73-6.42） 和对青霉素过敏的患者 （OR = 3.13,95% CI = 1.57-6.22） 更有可能发生严重的 PLCBL （p < 0.05）。放置在前部区域的种植体 （OR = 2.08， 95% CI = 1.16-3.73），具有骨水平平台基台连接 （OR = 4.73,95% CI = 1.94-11.49） 并经嵴上插入 （OR = 3.77,95% CI = 1.84-7.72），呈现出更大的发展为严重 PLCBL 的风险 （p < 0.05）。放置在先前移植区域的植入物发生严重 PLCBL 的可能性较低 （OR = 0.489,95% CI = 0.28-0.84）。结论PLCBL ⩾ 0.5 mm 和 ⩾1.5 mm 的发生率分别为 24.4% 和 10.5%。 男性、糖尿病、对青霉素过敏、前部位置、骨水平平台基台连接和牙槽嵴上种植体植入是严重 PLCBL 的潜在危险因素。先前移植的区域是一个潜在的保护因素。