Fungi are key decomposers of deadwood, but the impact of anthropogenic changes in nutrients and temperature on fungal community and its consequences for wood microbial respiration are not well understood. Here, we examined how nitrogen and phosphorus additions (field experiment) and warming (laboratory experiment) together influence fungal composition and microbial respiration from decomposing wood of angiosperms and gymnosperms in a subtropical forest. Nutrient additions significantly increased wood microbial respiration via fungal composition, but effects varied with nutrient types and taxonomic groups. Specifically, phosphorus addition significantly increased wood microbial respiration (65%) through decreased acid phosphatase activity and increased abundance of fast‐decaying fungi (e.g., white rot), while nitrogen addition marginally increased it (30%). Phosphorus addition caused a greater increase in microbial respiration in gymnosperms than in angiosperms (83.3% vs. 46.9%), which was associated with an increase in Basidiomycota:Ascomycota operational taxonomic unit abundance in gymnosperms but a decrease in angiosperms. The temperature dependencies of microbial respiration were remarkably constant across nutrient levels, consistent with metabolic scaling theory hypotheses. This is because there was no significant interaction between temperature and wood phosphorus availability or fungal composition, or the interaction among the three factors. Our results highlight the key role of tree identity in regulating nutrient response of wood microbial respiration through controlling fungal composition. Given that the range of angiosperm species may expand under climate warming and forest management, our data suggest that expansion will decrease nutrient effects on forest carbon cycling in forests previously dominated by gymnosperm species.

中文翻译：

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与宿主树身份相关的真菌成分介导对木材微生物呼吸的营养添加效应


真菌是枯木的主要分解者，但人为变化的养分和温度对真菌群落的影响及其对木材微生物呼吸的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了氮和磷的添加（田间实验）和变暖（实验室实验）如何共同影响亚热带森林中被子植物和裸子植物分解木材的真菌组成和微生物呼吸。添加养分通过真菌成分显着增加木材微生物呼吸，但效果因养分类型和分类群而异。具体来说，添加磷通过降低酸性磷酸酶活性和增加快速腐烂真菌（例如白腐病）的丰度，显着增加木材微生物呼吸（65%），而添加氮则略微增加木材微生物呼吸（30%）。添加磷导致裸子植物的微生物呼吸比被子植物有更大的增加（83.3% vs. 46.9%），这与裸子植物中担子菌门：子囊菌门操作分类单位丰度的增加有关，但被子植物却减少了。微生物呼吸的温度依赖性在不同营养水平上都非常恒定，这与代谢缩放理论的假设一致。这是因为温度和木材磷有效性或真菌组成之间没有显着的相互作用，或者三个因素之间的相互作用。我们的结果强调了树木特性通过控制真菌组成来调节木材微生物呼吸的营养反应的关键作用。 鉴于被子植物物种的范围可能会在气候变暖和森林管理的情况下扩大，我们的数据表明，这种扩大将减少以前以裸子植物物种为主的森林中养分对森林碳循环的影响。