Error correction coding (i.e., channel coding) is a key ingredient of any digital communications system. In mobile wireless communications, channel codes have evolved from simple convolutional codes in Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) (2G), parallel concatenated (turbo) codes in Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) (3G), and long-term evolution (LTE) (4G), to carefully designed multirate/multilength low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in 5G, combined with polar codes for short messages on the synchronization channel. Based on this rich history, and by accounting for the technological advances in very large-scale integration, this article will outline some recent trends in channel coding as they may be applied in 6G systems, ranging from novel approaches for short blocklengths such as automorphism ensemble decoding, via ideas of coding for multiple access, to concepts for unified coding schemes that may simplify encoding/decoding hardware at competitive error-correcting performance.

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6G 信道编码的趋势


纠错编码（即信道编码）是任何数字通信系统的关键组成部分。在移动无线通信中，信道码已经从全球移动通信系统 （GSM） （2G） 中的简单卷积码、通用移动通信服务 （UMTS） （3G） 中的并行级联 （turbo） 码和长期演进 （LTE） （4G） 码演变为 5G 中精心设计的多速率/多长度低密度奇偶校验 （LDPC） 码，并结合同步信道上短消息的极化码。基于这一丰富的历史，并考虑超大规模集成的技术进步，本文将概述信道编码的一些最新趋势，因为它们可能应用于 6G 系统，从短块长的新方法（如自同态集成解码），通过多址编码的思想，到统一编码方案的概念，这些方案可以简化编码/解码硬件，具有有竞争力的纠错性能。