Homogeneous void nucleation in metals containing arbitrary vacancies and interstitials has been reexamined, with corrections made to the original work by Katz and Wiedersich. The void size distributions derived previously missed an exponential modification function with void size as the exponent. As a result, void nucleation under a given vacancy supersaturation ratio is underestimated by orders of magnitude. The second improvement arises from the accuracy in calculating the vacancy arrival rate to a void. The present work proposes establishing a direct relationship between the vacancy arrival rate and the available self-diffusion coefficient. With these corrections and improvements, void nucleation in pure Fe is calculated as an example, and an analytic fitting formula is provided. The required vacancy supersaturation ratio and interstitial-to-vacancy flux ratio for void nucleation calculations can be easily obtained from an analytical solution of rate theory calculations, in which dislocation density and displacements per atom (dpa) rate are adjustable inputs. Alternatively, the nucleation rate calculation can be incorporated into rate theory calculations considering evolving dislocation densities, which leads to time-dependent void nucleation.

中文翻译：

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存在过饱和空位和填隙时的均匀空穴成核


含有任意空位和填隙的金属中的均匀空穴成核已经被重新检查，并对 Katz 和 Wiedersich 的原始工作进行了修正。先前导出的空隙尺寸分布错过了以空隙尺寸作为指数的指数修正函数。因此，给定空位过饱和率下的空穴成核被低估了几个数量级。第二个改进来自于计算空缺到达率的准确性。目前的工作建议在空置到达率和可用自扩散系数之间建立直接关系。通过这些修正和改进，以纯铁中的空洞形核为例进行计算，并提供了解析拟合公式。空位成核计算所需的空位过饱和比和间隙与空位通量比可以很容易地从速率理论计算的解析解中获得，其中位错密度和每原子位移（dpa）速率是可调输入。或者，可以将成核速率计算纳入考虑不断变化的位错密度的速率理论计算中，这会导致依赖于时间的空洞成核。