The tree is an important industrial resource for the extraction of Taxol, a natural anticancer drug. Recently, numerous active compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, were identified in the leaves of . However, the distribution and biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaves are largely unknown. Integrated MALDI-IMS, ScRNA-seq and ScATAC-seq analysis was used to reveal the cell type-specific regulation of phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Based on the cluster-specifically expressed genes, ScRNA-seq grouped the cells into 12 clusters, while ScATAC-seq grouped the cells into 9 clusters, indicating a high degree of leaf cell heterogeneity. Several marker genes were selected for cell type annotation, some of which were effectively verified by hybridization. ScRNA-seq identified four phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes (each one > 5 % cell coverage), which significantly expressed in the leaf epidermal cells. The cell-specific open chromatin regions surrounding the four phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes were enriched in the epidermal cells. We further identified several cell type-specifically expressed transcription factors that might be involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonoids. Our study provided valuable information for studying the cell type specific regulation of phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis in leaves.

中文翻译：

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南方红豆杉叶中酚酸和类黄酮代谢的细胞类型特异性调节


该树是提取天然抗癌药物紫杉醇的重要工业资源。最近，在金缕梅叶子中发现了许多活性化合物，例如酚酸和类黄酮。然而，酚酸和黄酮类化合物在叶子中的分布和生物合成在很大程度上尚不清楚。综合 MALDI-IMS、ScRNA-seq 和 ScATAC-seq 分析用于揭示酚酸和类黄酮生物合成的细胞类型特异性调节。根据簇特异性表达的基因，ScRNA-seq 将细胞分为 12 个簇，而 ScATAC-seq 将细胞分为 9 个簇，表明叶细胞具有高度异质性。选择了几个标记基因进行细胞类型注释，其中一些通过杂交得到了有效验证。 ScRNA-seq 鉴定出四种酚酸和类黄酮生物合成相关基因（每一种> 5% 细胞覆盖率），这些基因在叶表皮细胞中显着表达。四种酚酸和类黄酮生物合成相关基因周围的细胞特异性开放染色质区域在表皮细胞中富集。我们进一步鉴定了几种细胞类型特异性表达的转录因子，它们可能参与酚酸和类黄酮的生物合成。我们的研究为研究叶子中酚酸和类黄酮生物合成的细胞类型特异性调节提供了有价值的信息。