Filamentous Actinobacteria, recently renamed Actinomycetia, are the most prolific source of microbial bioactive natural products. Studies on biosynthetic gene clusters benefit from or require chromosome-level assemblies. Here, we provide DNA sequences from >1000 isolates: 881 complete genomes and 153 near-complete genomes, representing 28 genera and 389 species, including 244 likely novel species. All genomes are from filamentous isolates of the class Actinomycetia from the NBC culture collection. The largest genus is Streptomyces with 886 genomes including 742 complete assemblies. We use this data to show that analysis of complete genomes can bring biological understanding not previously derived from more fragmented sequences or less systematic datasets. We document the central and structured location of core genes and distal location of specialized metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and duplicate core genes on the linear Streptomyces chromosome, and analyze the content and length of the terminal inverted repeats which are characteristic for Streptomyces. We then analyze the diversity of trans-AT polyketide synthase biosynthetic gene clusters, which encodes the machinery of a biotechnologically highly interesting compound class. These insights have both ecological and biotechnological implications in understanding the importance of high quality genomic resources and the complex role synteny plays in Actinomycetia biology.

中文翻译：

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1034 个放线菌基因组的宝库


丝状放线菌最近更名为放线菌，是微生物生物活性天然产物最丰富的来源。生物合成基因簇的研究受益于或需要染色体水平的组装。在这里，我们提供了 >1000 分离株的 DNA 序列：881 个完整基因组和 153 个接近完整基因组，代表 28 个属和 389 个物种，其中包括 244 个可能的新物种。所有基因组均来自 NBC 培养物保藏中心放线菌纲的丝状分离株。最大的属是链霉菌属，有 886 个基因组，包括 742 个完整的组合。我们使用这些数据来表明，对完整基因组的分析可以带来以前无法从更碎片化的序列或不太系统的数据集获得的生物学理解。我们记录了线性链霉菌染色体上核心基因的中心和结构位置以及专门代谢物生物合成基因簇和重复核心基因的远端位置，并分析了链霉菌特有的末端反向重复的内容和长度。然后，我们分析了反式 AT 聚酮合酶生物合成基因簇的多样性，该基因簇编码了生物技术上非常有趣的化合物类别的机制。这些见解对于理解高质量基因组资源的重要性以及同线在放线菌生物学中发挥的复杂作用具有生态和生物技术意义。