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The 33 M⊙ black hole Gaia BH3 is part of the disrupted ED-2 star cluster
Astronomy & Astrophysics ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 , DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450425 E. Balbinot , E. Dodd , T. Matsuno , C. Lardo , A. Helmi , P. Panuzzo , T. Mazeh , B. Holl , E. Caffau , A. Jorissen , C. Babusiaux , P. Gavras , . Wyrzykowski , L. Eyer , N. Leclerc , A. Bombrun , N. Mowlavi , G.M. Seabroke , I. Cabrera-Ziri , T.M. Callingham , T. Ruiz-Lara , E. Starkenburg
Astronomy & Astrophysics ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 , DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450425 E. Balbinot , E. Dodd , T. Matsuno , C. Lardo , A. Helmi , P. Panuzzo , T. Mazeh , B. Holl , E. Caffau , A. Jorissen , C. Babusiaux , P. Gavras , . Wyrzykowski , L. Eyer , N. Leclerc , A. Bombrun , N. Mowlavi , G.M. Seabroke , I. Cabrera-Ziri , T.M. Callingham , T. Ruiz-Lara , E. Starkenburg
Context. The Gaia Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a 33 M⊙ black hole in a wide binary system located in the solar neighbourhood.Aims. Here we explore the relationship between this black hole, known as Gaia BH3, and the nearby ED-2 halo stellar stream.Methods. We studied the orbital characteristics of the Gaia BH3 binary and present measurements of the chemical abundances of ED-2 member stars derived from high-resolution spectra obtained with the VLT.Results. We find that the Galactic orbit of the Gaia BH3 system and its metallicity are entirely consistent with being part of the ED-2 stream. The characteristics of the stream, particularly its negligible spread in metallicity and in other chemical elements, as well as its single stellar population, suggest that it originated from a disrupted star cluster of low mass. Its age is comparable to that of the globular cluster M92 that has been estimated to be as old as the Universe.Conclusions. This is the first black hole unambiguously associated with a disrupted star cluster. We infer the plausible mass range for the cluster to be relatively narrow, between 2 × 103 M⊙ and 5.2 × 104 M⊙. This implies that the black hole could have formed directly from the collapse of a massive very metal-poor star, but that the alternative scenario of binary interactions inside the cluster environment also deserves to be explored.
中文翻译：
33 M⊙ 黑洞盖亚 BH3 是扰乱的 ED-2 星团的一部分
语境。盖亚合作组织最近报告称，在位于太阳附近的宽双星系统中检测到了一个 33 M⊙ 黑洞。在这里，我们探索这个被称为盖亚 BH3 的黑洞与附近的 ED-2 晕恒星流之间的关系。我们研究了盖亚 BH3 双星的轨道特征，并根据 VLT 获得的高分辨率光谱对 ED-2 成员恒星的化学丰度进行了测量。结果。我们发现盖亚 BH3 系统的银河轨道及其金属丰度与作为 ED-2 流的一部分完全一致。该流的特征，特别是其金属丰度和其他化学元素的可忽略不计的扩散，以及其单一的恒星群，表明它起源于一个破碎的低质量星团。它的年龄与估计与宇宙一样古老的球状星团 M92 的年龄相当。结论。这是第一个与破碎星团明确相关的黑洞。我们推断该星团的合理质量范围相对较窄，在 2 × 103 M⊙ 和 5.2 × 104 M⊙ 之间。这意味着黑洞可能直接由一颗巨大的贫金属恒星的塌缩形成，但星团环境内二元相互作用的替代方案也值得探索。
更新日期：2024-06-25
中文翻译：
33 M⊙ 黑洞盖亚 BH3 是扰乱的 ED-2 星团的一部分
语境。盖亚合作组织最近报告称，在位于太阳附近的宽双星系统中检测到了一个 33 M⊙ 黑洞。在这里，我们探索这个被称为盖亚 BH3 的黑洞与附近的 ED-2 晕恒星流之间的关系。我们研究了盖亚 BH3 双星的轨道特征，并根据 VLT 获得的高分辨率光谱对 ED-2 成员恒星的化学丰度进行了测量。结果。我们发现盖亚 BH3 系统的银河轨道及其金属丰度与作为 ED-2 流的一部分完全一致。该流的特征，特别是其金属丰度和其他化学元素的可忽略不计的扩散，以及其单一的恒星群，表明它起源于一个破碎的低质量星团。它的年龄与估计与宇宙一样古老的球状星团 M92 的年龄相当。结论。这是第一个与破碎星团明确相关的黑洞。我们推断该星团的合理质量范围相对较窄，在 2 × 103 M⊙ 和 5.2 × 104 M⊙ 之间。这意味着黑洞可能直接由一颗巨大的贫金属恒星的塌缩形成，但星团环境内二元相互作用的替代方案也值得探索。
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