Ice mantles play a crucial role in shaping the astrochemical inventory of molecules during star and planet formation. Small-scale molecular processes have a profound impact on large-scale astronomical evolution. The areas of solid-state laboratory astrophysics and computational chemistry involve the study of these processes. We review laboratory efforts in ice spectroscopy, methodological advances and challenges, and laboratory and computational studies of ice physics and ice chemistry. We place the last of these in context with ice evolution from clouds to disks. Three takeaway messages from this review are: ▪Laboratory and computational studies allow interpretation of astronomical ice spectra in terms of identification, ice morphology, and local environmental conditions as well as the formation of the involved chemical compounds.▪A detailed understanding of the underlying processes is needed to build reliable astrochemical models to make predictions about abundances in space.▪The relative importance of the different ice processes studied in the laboratory and computationally changes during the process of star and planet formation.

中文翻译：

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星际冰的实验室和计算研究


冰幔在恒星和行星形成过程中塑造分子的天体化学库存中起着至关重要的作用。小尺度分子过程对大尺度的天文演化有着深远的影响。固体实验室天体物理学和计算化学领域涉及这些过程的研究。我们回顾了冰光谱学的实验室工作、方法学进展和挑战，以及冰物理学和冰化学的实验室和计算研究。我们将最后一个放在冰从云到圆盘的演变的背景下。这篇综述的三个要点是：▪实验室和计算研究允许从识别、冰形态和当地环境条件以及所涉及的化合物的形成方面解释天文冰光谱。▪需要详细了解潜在过程，以建立可靠的天体化学模型来预测太空中的丰度。▪研究中研究的不同冰过程的相对重要性恒星和行星形成过程中的实验室和计算变化。