Adults learning a new language tend to judge unconventional utterances more leniently than fluent speakers do; ratings on acceptable utterances, however, tend to align more closely with fluent speakers. This asymmetry raises a question as to whether unconventional utterances can be statistically preempted by conventional utterances for adult learners. We report a preregistered study that provided undergraduates in Spanish classes with three days of exposure to conventional Spanish sentences without feedback. Judgment data reveal a significant effect of statistical preemption, particularly on intermediate learners, as predicted: Repeatedly witnessing conventional sentences led learners to subsequently judge as significantly lower the corresponding unconventional formulations in comparison to unrelated unconventional sentences. Current findings indicate that adult learners can take advantage of statistical preemption to learn the unacceptability of unconventional sentences from repeated exposure to acceptable alternatives, without explicit instruction or feedback.

中文翻译：

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学习不可接受性：反复接触可接受的句子可以提高成人学习者对不可接受句子的识别能力


学习新语言的成年人往往比流利的说话者更宽容地判断非常规话语。然而，对可接受话语的评分往往与流利的说话者更加一致。这种不对称性提出了一个问题：对于成人学习者来说，非常规话语是否可以在统计上被常规话语抢占。我们报告了一项预先注册的研究，该研究为西班牙语课程的本科生提供了三天接触传统西班牙语句子的机会，但没有反馈。判断数据揭示了统计先发制人的显着影响，特别是对中级学习者，正如预测的那样：反复目睹常规句子导致学习者随后判断与不相关的非常规句子相比，相应的非常规表述明显较低。目前的研究结果表明，成人学习者可以利用统计先发制人的优势，在没有明确指导或反馈的情况下，通过反复接触可接受的替代方案来了解非常规句子的不可接受性。