ImportanceAccelerometry has been increasingly used as an objective index of sleep, physical activity, and circadian rhythms in people with mood disorders. However, most prior research has focused on sleep or physical activity alone without consideration of the strong within- and cross-domain intercorrelations; and few studies have distinguished between trait and state profiles of accelerometry domains in major depressive disorder (MDD).ObjectivesTo identify joint and individual components of the domains derived from accelerometry, including sleep, physical activity, and circadian rhythmicity using the Joint and Individual Variation Explained method (JIVE), a novel multimodal integrative dimension-reduction technique; and to examine associations between joint and individual components with current and remitted MDD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study examined data from the second wave of a population cohort study from Lausanne, Switzerland. Participants included 2317 adults (1164 without MDD, 185 with current MDD, and 968 with remitted MDD) with accelerometry for at least 7 days. Statistical analysis was conducted from January 2021 to June 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFeatures derived from accelerometry for 14 days; current and remitted MDD. Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and anxiety and substance use disorders.ResultsAmong 2317 adults included in the study, 1261 (54.42%) were female, and mean (SD) age was 61.79 (9.97) years. JIVE reduced 28 accelerometry features to 3 joint and 6 individual components (1 sleep, 2 physical activity, 3 circadian rhythms). Joint components explained 58.5%, 79.5%, 54.5% of the total variation in sleep, physical activity, and circadian rhythm domains, respectively. Both current and remitted depression were associated with the first 2 joint components that were distinguished by the salience of high-intensity physical activity and amplitude of circadian rhythm and timing of both sleep and physical activity, respectively. MDD had significantly weaker circadian rhythmicity.Conclusions and RelevanceApplication of a novel multimodal dimension-reduction technique demonstrates the importance of joint influences of physical activity, circadian rhythms, and timing of both sleep and physical activity with MDD; dampened circadian rhythmicity may constitute a trait marker for MDD. This work illustrates the value of accelerometry as a potential biomarker for subtypes of depression and highlights the importance of consideration of the full 24-hour sleep-wake cycle in future studies.

中文翻译：

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加速度计衍生的睡眠、体力活动和昼夜节律域与当前或缓解的重度抑郁症的综合建模


重要性加速度测量法已越来越多地用作情绪障碍患者睡眠、体力活动和昼夜节律的客观指标。然而，大多数先前的研究都只关注睡眠或身体活动，而没有考虑域内和跨域之间的强相关性。很少有研究区分重度抑郁症 (MDD) 中加速度测量域的特征和状态概况。 目标使用联合和个体变异解释来识别源自加速度测量的域的关节和个体组成部分，包括睡眠、体力活动和昼夜节律性方法（JIVE），一种新颖的多模态综合降维技术；设计、设置和参与者这项横断面研究检查了瑞士洛桑第二波人群队列研究的数据。参与者包括 2317 名成年人（1164 名没有 MDD、185 名当前 MDD 和 968 名缓解 MDD），并接受了至少 7 天的加速度测量。统计分析于2021年1月至2023年6月进行。主要成果和措施来自14天加速度测量的特征；当前和已减免的MDD。对年龄、性别、体重指数、焦虑和物质使用障碍进行逻辑回归调整。结果在研究中纳入的 2317 名成年人中，1261 名 (54.42%) 为女性，平均 (SD) 年龄为 61.79 (9.97) 岁。 JIVE 将 28 个加速测量特征减少为 3 个关节和 6 个单独的组成部分（1 个睡眠、2 个体力活动、3 个昼夜节律）。关节成分分别解释了睡眠、体力活动和昼夜节律领域总变化的 58.5%、79.5% 和 54.5%。 当前抑郁症和缓解期抑郁症均与前两个关节成分相关，前两个关节成分的特征分别是高强度体力活动的显着性、昼夜节律的幅度以及睡眠和体力活动的时间安排。 MDD 的昼夜节律明显较弱。结论和相关性新型多模态降维技术的应用证明了体力活动、昼夜节律以及睡眠和体力活动时间的联合影响对 MDD 的重要性；昼夜节律减弱可能构成 MDD 的特征标志。这项工作说明了加速度测量作为抑郁症亚型潜在生物标志物的价值，并强调了在未来研究中考虑完整 24 小时睡眠-觉醒周期的重要性。