In every bacterium, nucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs) play crucial roles in chromosome organization, replication, repair, gene expression, and other DNA transactions. Their central role in controlling the chromatin dynamics and transcription has been well‐appreciated in several well‐studied organisms. Here, we review the diversity, distribution, structure, and function of NAPs from the genus Mycobacterium. We highlight the progress made in our understanding of the effects of these proteins on various processes and in responding to environmental stimuli and stress of mycobacteria in their free‐living as well as during distinctive intracellular lifestyles. We project them as potential drug targets and discuss future studies to bridge the information gap with NAPs from well‐studied systems.

中文翻译：

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分枝杆菌的核相关蛋白具有独特的风味


在每种细菌中，类核相关蛋白 (NAP) 在染色体组织、复制、修复、基因表达和其他 DNA 事务中发挥着至关重要的作用。它们在控制染色质动力学和转录方面的核心作用已在几种经过充分研究的生物体中得到充分认识。在这里，我们回顾了该属 NAP 的多样性、分布、结构和功能分枝杆菌。我们强调了我们在理解这些蛋白质对各种过程的影响以及分枝杆菌在自由生活以及独特的细胞内生活方式中对环境刺激和压力的反应方面所取得的进展。我们将它们预测为潜在的药物靶标，并讨论未来的研究，以弥合与来自经过充分研究的系统的 NAP 之间的信息差距。