The application of hydrogel to sandy soil has shown promise in enhancing crop production, offering alternative solutions to address the growing food demand. Here, we investigated the impact of hydrogel and different nitrogen (N) fertilizer forms (NH, NO and Urea) on Bok Choy ( var. chinensis) production through the evaluation of the plant growth parameters, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and soil physicochemical properties. Our findings reveal that the application of hydrogel significantly increased plant height (16.27 %), fresh weight (FW) (61.14 %), dry weight (DW) (65.69 %) weight, plant nutrient concentration, and uptake. Additionally, it improved photosynthetic parameters and induced alterations in soil physicochemical properties. The synergistic effects of hydrogel varied with different nitrogen forms, with NH–N fertilizer demonstrating the most efficiency in enhancing Bok Choy production (119.65 % FW) compared to control. Pearson correlation analysis established close associations between Bok Choy growth parameters, photosynthesis, nutrient accumulation, and soil physicochemical properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) underscored the significant influence of hydrogel and NH–N on various growth parameters in Bok Choy. The stimulated growth observed can be attributed to increased nutrient uptake, improved photosynthesis, and the maintenance of soil physicochemical properties. These findings carry significant implications for the practical application of hydrogel in the field, providing a valuable strategy to enhance nutrient use efficiency and crop production in sandy soil.

中文翻译：

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通过水凝胶和不同氮肥形式的协同作用促进白菜生长


水凝胶在沙质土壤中的应用在提高作物产量方面显示出了前景，为满足不断增长的粮食需求提供了替代解决方案。在这里，我们通过评估植物生长参数、光合作用、养分吸收和土壤理化性质，研究了水凝胶和不同氮 (N) 肥料形式（NH、NO 和尿素）对白菜 (var. chinensis) 生产的影响。我们的研究结果表明，水凝胶的应用显着增加了植物高度（16.27％）、鲜重（FW）（61.14％）、干重（DW）（65.69％）、植物养分浓度和吸收。此外，它还改善了光合参数并引起土壤理化性质的改变。水凝胶的协同效应随不同的氮形态而变化，与对照相比，NH-N 肥料在提高白菜产量方面表现出最大的效率（119.65% FW）。皮尔逊相关分析建立了白菜生长参数、光合作用、养分积累和土壤理化性质之间的密切关联。主成分分析 (PCA) 强调了水凝胶和 NH-N 对白菜各种生长参数的显着影响。观察到的刺激生长可归因于养分吸收的增加、光合作用的改善以及土壤理化性质的维持。这些发现对水凝胶在田间的实际应用具有重要意义，为提高沙质土壤养分利用效率和作物产量提供了有价值的策略。