Oil spills are reported to have conflicting impacts of either injury or resilience on zooplankton communities, and physiological plasticity is speculated to be the possible causative factor. But how? An explanation was sought by exposing the marine rotifer to a series of water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil under controlled laboratory conditions, and population dynamics, which is the core issue for zooplankton facing external stress, were analyzed. The total hydrocarbon concentration of WAFs was quickly degraded from a concentration of 5.0 mg L to half within 24 h and then remained stable. No acute lethality was observed; only motion inhibition was observed in the group treated with 10 %, 50 % and 100 % WAFs, which occurred simultaneously with inhibition of feeding and filtration. However, sublethal exposure to the WAFs concentration series presented stimulation impacts on reproduction and even the population of The negative correlation between motion and reproduction seemed to indicate that a shift in the distribution of individual energy toward reproduction rather than motion resulted in increased reproduction after exposure to WAFs. More evidence from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed ultrastructural impairment in both the ovaries and cilia in each treated group, and imbalance in mitochondrial numbers was one of the distinct features of alteration. WAFs stress may alter the energy utilization and storage paradigm, as indicated by the significant elevation in glycogen and the significant decrease in lipid content after WAFs exposure. Further evidence from metabolomics analysis showed that WAFs stress increased the level of lipid metabolism and inhibited some of the pathways in glucose metabolism. Sublethal acute toxicity was observed only in the first 24 h with WAFs exposure, and an energy strategy consisting of changes in the utilization and storage paradigm and reallocation is responsible for the population resilience of during oil spills.

中文翻译：

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能源策略的改变，而不是毒性本身，干扰了暴露于原油含水部分（WAF）的褶皱臂尾轮虫的种群波动


据报道，石油泄漏对浮游动物群落的伤害或恢复力产生相互矛盾的影响，并且推测生理可塑性是可能的致病因素。但如何呢？通过在受控实验室条件下将海洋轮虫暴露于一系列原油的水相容馏分（WAF）中来寻求解释，并分析了种群动态，这是浮游动物面临外部压力的核心问题。 WAF的总烃浓度在24小时内迅速从5.0 mg·L的浓度降低到一半，然后保持稳定。没有观察到急性致死率；在用 10%、50% 和 100% WAF 处理的组中仅观察到运动抑制，这与摄食和过滤的抑制同时发生。然而，亚致死暴露于WAFs浓度系列对繁殖甚至种群数量产生刺激影响。运动与繁殖之间的负相关似乎表明，个体能量分布向繁殖而不是运动的转变导致暴露于WAFs后繁殖增加。 WAF。来自透射电子显微镜（TEM）的更多证据显示，每个治疗组的卵巢和纤毛均存在超微结构损伤，线粒体数量失衡是改变的显着特征之一。 WAF 应激可能会改变能量利用和储存模式，正如 WAF 暴露后糖原显着升高和脂质含量显着降低所表明的那样。代谢组学分析的进一步证据表明，WAF 应激增加了脂质代谢水平，并抑制了葡萄糖代谢的一些途径。 仅在WAF暴露的前24小时内观察到亚致死的急性毒性，并且由利用和储存范式的变化以及重新分配组成的能源策略负责石油泄漏期间人口的恢复能力。